The Korean Society of Surface Science and Engineering

Resistive heating sources are widely used to prepare thin films by vapor deposition because they are cheap, and easy to install and handle in vacuum system. Graphite is one of materials used to make the resistive heating source, but until now only limited

Resistive heating source;Evaporation boat;Graphite boat;Aluminum film;Evaporation characteristics;Physical vapor deposition;

Electronic structures and chemical bonding of Li-intercalated $LiTiS_2$ and $LiTiO_2$ were investigated by using discrete variational $X{alpha}$ method as a first-principles molecular-orbital method. ${alpha}-NaFeO_2$

Titanium oxide;Titanium chalcogenide;Lithium second batteries;First principles calculations;Electronic structure;

Friction stir welding(FSW) was developed as a new solid state welding technique by The Welding Institute (TWI). On the basis of FSW, a new processing technique, friction stir processing (FSP), has recently been developed. FSP has been applied to cast alum

5456-H116 Al alloy;Friction stir processing (FSP);Mechanical characteristic;

Using an evaporation system, $SiO_2$ was deposited as a buffer layer between a PET substrate and a ITO layer and then ITO/$SiO_2$/PET layers were annealed for 1.5 hours at the temperature of $180^{circ}C$. Adhesion and ele

ITO(Indium-Tin-Oxide);PET;$SiO_2$ buffer layer;Adhesion;Touch screen;

Recently ultra-supercritical steam power plants operate at $1000^{circ}F$ ($538^{circ}C$) and 3500 psi (24.1 MPa). Thermal efficiency of power plant will be increased about 2% if steam temperature increases from $1000^{circ}F$

Ultra-super critical power plants;IC901 (Incoloy 901);IN718 (Inconel 718);nIC901 (nitrided Incoloy 901);nIN718 (nitrided Inconel 718);

In the study, it was carried out dissimilar metal welding on materials for Al ship. The electrochemical and mechanical characteristics evaluated for specimen welded by ROBOT. The hardness of welding zone is lower than those of heat affected zone and base

Dissimilar Al alloys;MIG welding;Mechanical characteristics;Electrochemical characteristics;

The fit between dental implant fixture and zirconia abutment is affected by many variables during the fabrication process by CAD/CAM program and milling working. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface compatibility and electrochemical behav

Surface compatibility;Electrochemical behaviors;Zirconia abutment/fixture;

Cu-Ag powder having Core-Shell structure was prepared from by electroless plating method using agents such as $AgNO_3$, $NH_{4}OH$, Hydroquinone. Ag coated copper powders were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and ener

Silver;Copper;Electroless plating;Reduction;Core-shell;

Recovery of heavy-metallic component from a waste solution of factory was undertaken by the solar cell electricity. The solution was obtained from an electrolytic etching process of 316L stainless steel. The electrolysis of the solution for recovery of he

Recovery;Heavy-metallic component;Wasted solution;Solar cell electricity;316L stainless steel;Electro-winned materials;Sludge;

Antireflection pattern, moth-eye structure, was fabricated on lens using Ultra Violet nanoimprint lithography and flexible template. Ni template with conical shaped structure was used as a master template to molding. The flexible poly vinyl alcohol templa

Moth-eye effect;Antireflection;Poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA);Molding;Transmittance;UV nano imprint lithography;

CdSe is one of the composite semiconductor materials used in hybrid solar cell. CdSe nanorods were fabricated using electrochemical deposition in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. CdSe were deposited from $CdSO_4$ and $H_2SeO_3$

Photovoltaic cell;CdSe;Nanorods;Electrochemical deposition;AAO;

We report on the growth of $CuCrO_2$ films using pulsed laser deposition and their structural and electrical transport properties. $CuCrO_2$ thin films were doped with 5 at% Mg for p-type properties. Epitaxial films of $CuCr_{0.

$CuCrO_2$;Delafossite;PLD;

Quinary Ti-Al-Si-C-N films were successfully synthesized on SUS 304 substrates and Si wafers by a hybrid coating system combining an arc ion plating technique and a DC reactive magnetron sputtering technique. In this work, the effect of Si content on the

Ti-Al-Si-C-N;Hybrid coating system;Microstructure;Mechanical properties;

We aimed to develop a Fe-($16{sim}19$)Cr-($0.1{sim}0.6$)Ti-($0.1{sim}0.6$)Nb stainless steel for automotive exhaust parts with high corrosion resistance. The alloys with high Cr content showed high resistance to general co

Automotive exhaust parts;Ferritic stainless steels;Corrosion resistance;Response surface methodology;

Various types of multilayer coatings including Al/$Al_2O_3$ structure have been prepared on Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet to modify the morphology of the coating and to enhance the corrosion resistance of the magnet. Magnetron sputtering has been em

Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet;Multilayer coating;Reactive magnetron sputtering;Aluminum and $Al_2O_3$ film;Physical vapor deposition;

This study is the research on the thermal emissivity depending on the bulk graphite`s alignment degree. Bulk graphites were manufactured by uni-axial pressing and subsequent heat treatment of natural graphite flakes with organic binder. The samples were p

Emissivity;Bulk graphite;Alignment degree;

The effect of Arsenic in copper-sulfate solutions during electrorefining of copper was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry analysis. Electrodeposition was carried out using Arsenic, Antimony and bismut

Electrorefining;Copper;Arsenic;Electrodepostion;Electrocrystallization;

Magnesium is one of the lightest metals, and magnesium alloys have excellent physical and mechanical properties such as high stiffness/weight ratios, good castability, good vibration and shock absorption. However their poor corrosion resistance, wear resi

AZ31B Mg alloy;Anodizing;Anodic film;Sodium silicate;Hardness;

The 2-step low temperature plasma processes (the combined carburizing and post-nitriding) offer the increase of both surface hardness and thickness of hardened layer and corrosion resistance than the individually processed low temperature nitriding and lo

Plasma nitriding;Plasma carburizing;Expanded austenite;

Ga/Al doped ZnO (GAZO) thin films were prepared on non-alkali glass substrate by co-sputtering system using two DC cathodes equipped with AZO ($Al_2O_3$:2.0 wt%) target and GZO ($Ga_2O_3$:6.65 wt%) target. This study examined the inf

Al doped ZnO;Ga doped ZnO;Ga/Al co-doped ZnO;Co-sputtering;

Transparent conducting thin films of indium tin oxide(ITO) co-sputtered with aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO) were deposited on glass substrate by dual magnetron sputtering. It was found that the electrical properties and structural characteristics of the f

Transparent conductive oxide;Indium tin oxide;Aluminum zinc oxide;Sputtering;Electrical transport properties;Transmittance;

Effects of bipolar pulse driving frequency between 50 kHz and 250 kHz on the discharge shapes were analyzed by measuring plasma characteristics by OES (Optical Emission Spectroscopy) and Langmuir probe. Plasma characteristics were modeled by a simple elec

Bipolar pulsed dc;Plasma shape;CCP;Plasma modeling;

A microwave plasma torch at the atmospheric pressure by making use of magnetrons operated at the 2.45 GHz and used in a home microwave oven has been developed. This electrodeless torch can be used to various areas, including industrial, environmental and

Microwave plasma;Steam plasma;Electrodeless;Burner;

Nanocrystalline Cu thin films for FCCL were electrodeposited from sulfate baths to investigate systematically the influences of current density, solution pH on current efficiency, residual stress, surface morphology, and microstructure of thin Cu films. C

FCCL;Electrodeposition;Current density;pH;Sulfate bath;Residual stress;

Electroless plating is influenced by kinds of parameters including concentrations of electrolyte, plating time, temperature and so on. In this study, the Pt thin films were prepared on GaAs substrate by a 2-step electroless plating depending method. The s

Pt/GaAs;Electroless plating;2-step plating;FESEM;I-V;

Many fundamental studies have been carried out regarding waste water and hazardous gas treatments technologies using the photolysis effect of $TiO_2$. However, a permanent use of $TiO_2$ particles immobilized using organic or organic

Electroless plating;Photolysis;Ni-$TiO_2$;Composite coating;

Effects of TiN/Ti multilayer coating on the Ti-30Ta-xZr alloy surface were studied by using various experiments. The Ti-30Ta containing Zr (5, 10 and 15 wt%) were melted 10 times to improve chemical homogeneity by using a vacuum furnace. And then samples

TiN/Ti multilayer coating;Ti-30Ta-xZr alloy;DC magnetron sputtering;Surface roughness;

We investigated the dry-etching mechanism of the TiN thin film using a $Cl_2$/Ar inductively coupled plasma system. To understand the effect of the $Cl_2$/Ar gas mixing ratio, we etched the TiN thin film by varying $Cl_2$/

Etching;TiN;Plasma;ICP;$Cl_2$/Ar;

DLC film was synthesized on plastic injection mold(SKD11, $30;mm;{ imes};19;mm;{ imes};0.5;mm$) and Si(100) wafer for 2 h at $130^{circ}C$ under 6 mTorr using hybrid method of rf sputtering and ion source. The obtained film was analy

DLC;RF sputtering;Raman spectroscopy;Friction coefficient;Adhesion;

Diamond-like carbon(DLC) films were deposited by linear ion source(LIS)-physical vapor deposition method changing the anode voltages from 800 V to 1800 V, and characteristics of the films were investigated using residual stress tester, nano-indentation, m

DLC;Linear ion source;PVD;Anode voltage;Hardness;

In this study, niobium powder was made from potassium heptafluoroniobite($K_2NbF_7$) using sodium(Na) as a reductant and KCl, KF as a diluent based on the hunter metallothermic reduction method. The excesses of reductant were varied from 0%, 3%

Niobium powder;Sodium;Potassium heptafluoroniobite;Metallothermic reduction method;

Nanocrystalline Cu thin films were electrodeposited from sulfate baths and investigated systematically the influences of $Cu^{2+}$ concentration and additives on current efficiency, residual stress, surface morphology, and XRD patterns of elect

FCCL;Electrodeposite;Sulfate bath;Current efficiency;Residual stress;Surface morphology;

The electrodeposition in acidic aqueous electrolyte bath of cadmium telluride on gold electrodes has been studied by electrochemical analysis. Conventional cyclic voltammetry using potentiostat is considered as a reliable method to study electrochemical b

CdTe;Cyclicvoltammetry;Electrodeposition;Hybrid solar cell;

Interaction between human osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) and CrN films was conducted in vitro. CrN films were produced by cathodic arc plasma deposition. The surface was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). CrN films, glass substrates and TiN films wer

Human osteoblast;CrN film;Cell adhesion;Surface coating;Cytoskeleton;

We employed atmospheric plasma to reactively remove the lubricant sprayed onto such industrial electronic parts as LCD chassis during sheet-metal forming processes and investigated basically the effect of plasma parameters on cleansing the surfaces of zin

Plasma;Cleansing;Cleaning;Atmospheric plasma;Atmospheric pressure;Industrial parts;

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter structure was fabricated employing $4{mu}m$ thick nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) and $2.2{mu}m$ thick ZnO films on Si wafer. The NCD film was deposited in an $Ar/CH_4$ gas mixture by mic

SAW filter;ZnO;Nanocrystalline diamond;Microwave plasma CVD;

Cr-O-N coatings having different oxygen contents were deposited on Si wafer and SUS 304 substrates by an arc ion plating technique using Cr target in $Ar/O_2/N_2$ gaseous atmosphere. As increasing oxygen content in the coating, the microstructu

Cr-O-N;Arc ion plating;Solid-solution;Hardness;Wear;

The niobium capacitor showed somewhat more unstable characteristics than the commercial tantalum capacitors, but is nonetheless considered applicable as a future substitute for tantalum capacitors. In this study, niobium powder was fabricated by metalloth

Niobium powder;Amount of diluent;Amount of sodium excess;Particle size;Morphology;

This study presented the effect of membrane thickness on hydrogen permeability. Microvoids on the surface of the membrane should not exist for the exact values of hydrogen permeability. Pd-Cu-Ni hydrogen alloy membranes were fabricated by Ni powder sinter

Hydrogen permeation;Cu Reflow;Palladium alloy membrane;Void free hydrogen membrane;Sputtering deposition;

The Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has mainly been used for making butt joints in Al alloys. Development of FSW would expand the number of applications. The FSW is a relatively solid-state joining process. This study possibility of a welding between C1020 an

Friction stir welding;Rotating speed;Off-set of pin;Al6063;

Cu-Ti alloys with titanium in the range of 0.5-6.0 wt% were developed to evaluate the effect of the titanium content and heat treatment on microstructure, hardness, and electrical conductivity. The hardness of the Ti-added copper alloys generally increase

Copper alloys;Metals and alloys;Hardness;Electrical properties;

In this study, the plasma etching of the TaN thin film with $O_2/BCl_3$/Ar gas chemistries was investigated. The equipment for the etching was an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) system. The etch rate of the TaN thin film and the selectivity of

Etch;TaN;Plasma;ICP;$BCl_3$/Ar;$O_2$;

The wafer surface temperature is an important parameter in the etching process which influences the reaction probabilities of incident species, the vapor pressure of etch products, and the re-deposition of reaction products on feature surfaces. In this st

Etch;$ZrO_2$;Temperature;ICP;$Cl_2/BCl_3$/Ar;

The anodic oxidation behaviour of a cast component of AC2A Al alloy with machined surface and ascast surface was investigated in sulfuric acid solution. The anodized specimen showed relatively uniform and thick anodic oxide films on the as-cast surface, w

Anodic oxide film;Al casting alloy;Anodizing;cast surface;Machined surface;

Multicomponent transparent conducting oxide films were deposited on glass substrates at 150 by dual magnetron sputtering of AZO and ITO targets. In the case of mixing a limited amount of ITO (10W), resistivity of TCO films was significantly increased comp

Transparent conducting oxide;Indium tin oxide;Aluminum zinc oxide;Hydrogen;Electrical transport properties;

The purpose of this study is to show the friction and wear characteristic behaviors of TiN and CrN coated SKD61 which is applied to Al 6xxx extrusion mold material. The friction and wear characteristic behaviors of both coating layers were investigated by

TiN;CrN;SKD61;Coefficient of friction;Reciprocating friction wear tester;

ITO and ITO:Ce films were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering using an ITO ($SnO_2$: 10 wt%) and $CeO_2$ doped ITO ($CeO_2$: 0.5, 3.0, 4.0 and 6.0 wt%) ceramic targets, respectively, on unheated polyethylene terephthalate

Flexible display;Ce doped ITO;Magnetron sputtering;Bending test;

In this study, the corrosion property of copper alloy tubes in seawater has been investigated. Three copper alloys of nominal composition Cu-20Zn-2Al(Al-Brass), Cu-30Ni(CN70/30) and Cu-10Ni(CN90/10) were considered. The samples were immersed in 3%NaCl flo

Copper alloy tube;Sea water;Heat exchanger;Immersion test;Corrosion rate measurement;

The passivation films with epoxy layer on LiF, $SiN_x$ and LiF/$SiN_x$ inorganic layer were fabricated on OLED to protect device from the direct damage of $O_2$ and $H_2O$ and to apply for a buffer layer between

OLED;Red;Encapsulation;Passivation;LiF;$SiN_x$;Epoxy;

The Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has mainly been used for making butt joints in Al alloys. The development of Friction Stir Lap Welding (FSLW) would expand the number of applications. In this study, for effective application on thin aluminum alloy lap join

Friction stir lap welding;Probe length;Heat input;Stirring intensity;A5052;

Recently, it has been increasing for the eco-environment plating and surface treatment of eco-environment to decrease hazardous materials. Particular eco-environment can be applied to electronics or automotive parts of industry. In the case of mobile phon

Hazardous;Sludges;Plating;Eco-environment;Metal color;metal salt;

In this work, improvement of mechanical and electrical properties of gate dielectric layer for flexible organic thin film transistor (OTFT) devices was investigated. In order to increase the mechanical flexibility of PVP (poly(4-vinyl phenol) organic gate

Organic thin film transistor;Pentacene;Organic/inorganic laminated gate dielectric;Hafnium oxide [$HfO_2$];Flexible devices;

An Indium Zinc Oxide(IZO) transparent conductive layer was deposited on a large size glass substrate by using magnetron dc sputtering method with varying a deposition temperature. As the deposition temperature decreased to a room temperature, the sheet re

Indium Zinc Oxide;Room temperature deposition;Liquid crystal display;Large size;

The zinc oxide(ZnO) nanowires were deposited on Si(001) substrates by thermal chemical vapour deposition without any catalysts. SEM data suggested that the grown nanostructures were the well-aligned ZnO single crystals with preferential orientation. Back-

ZnO nanowire;FET;Thermal CVD;

Anodizing to form oxide layers on the pure titanium was performed in the electrolyte containing 1.5M $H_2SO_4$, 0.2M $H_3PO_4$, and 2.5wt.% $CuSO_4$ using the ac-biased arc anodizing technique. Titanium oxide layers anodiz

Titanium;Arc anodizing;Alternating current;Thermal oxidation;

The effect of solution agitation on the copper electroless deposition process of ULSI (ultra large scale integration) interconnections was investigated by using physical, electrochemical and electrical techniques. It was found that proper solution agitati

ULSI;Elecroless deposition;Superconformal copper filling;

In this paper CdS thin films, which were widely used window layer of the CdS/CdTe and the CdS/$CuInSe_2$ heterojunction solar cell, were grown by chemical bath deposition, which is a very attractive method for low-cost and large-area solar cell

CBD;CdS thin films;thiourea/$CdAc_2$ ratio;SOLAR cell;

Polycarbonate has a high transmittance to light, low specific gravity, flexibility and cost-effectiveness that extends the application field of the polymer to bio-engineering, optics, electronic parts, etc. Moreover, electro plating of metallic film on PC

Electroless silver plating;PC/ABS;PC;MmSH injection process;Plasma treatment;

316L stainless steel welding tube was electrolytically polished and the inner surface characteristics of the tube were tested. Electro-polishing variables such as current, voltage, concentration of electrolyte and electropolishing time were changed to see

316L stainless steel welding tube;Electro-polishing;XPS;AES;Surface roughness;Pipeline;Semiconductor production;Clean room;

Cubic boron nitride(c-BN) films were deposited on tungsten carbide insert tool by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(MPECVD) from a gas mixture of triethyl borate$(B(C_2H_5O)_3)$, ammonia $(NH_3)$, hydrogen$(H_2

Insert Tool;c-BN Film;MPECVD(Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition);Thiethyl Borate;Adhesion;

Solid phase crystallization (SPC) of amorphous silicon is usually conducted at around $600^{circ}C$ since it is used in the application of flat panel display using thermally susceptible glass substrate. In this study we conducted SPC experiment

Solid phase crystallization;Potycrystalline silicon;Kinetics;Nucleation;

Nonionic sorbitan monostearate have been successfully prepared by esterification using 1,4-sorbitan and stearic acid. 1,4-sorbitan were prepared using D-sorbitol and acid catalyst at solvent-free conditions. The synthesized surfactants were characterized

Nonionic sorbitan monostearate;1,4-sorbitan;Surfactant;Esterification;

Electrochemical properties of Ti-30Ta-$(3{sim}15)$Nb alloys coated by HA/Ti compound layer have been studied by various electrochemical method. Ti-30Ta binary alloys contained 3, 7, 10, and 15 wt% Nb contents were manufactured by the vacuum fur

Electrochemical Properties;Ti-30Ta-($3{sim}15$;)Nb alloy;Hydoxyapatite;Magnetron sputter;

Traditionally and generally used calcined clay was carburized, and its characteristics were studied. Carburization treatment was performed by the thermally decomposed carbon and the deposit carbon which occur in a so called `Boudouard reaction $(2CO{

Calcined clay;Carburization treatment;Crystalline graphite;Thermal analysis;Water absorption;Water contact angle;Hydrophobic;

Electrochemical behaviors of surface modified and MC3T3-E1 cell cultured Ti-30Ta alloys have been investigated using various electrochemical methods. The Ti alloys containing Ta were melted by using a vacuum furnace and then homogenized for 6 hrs at

Corrosion behaviors;Ti alloy;Osteoblast Dental implant;

We investigated sterilization characteristics of UV lights by counting the number of bacteria units with varying sterilization time and distance from the light source. We focused on an idea that UV light of 184.9 nm could generate ozone and developed a ne

UV-Ozone sterilizer;Reflecting plate;Transmitting plate;Bacteria;Numerical model;

This study described the effects of RF power, DC bias voltage, chamber pressure and gas mixing ratio on the etch rates of TiN thin film and selectivity of TiN thin film to $SiO_2$ with $BCl_3$/Ar gas mixture. When the gas mixing rati

Etching;TiN;Plasma;ICP$BCl_3$;/Ar;

Ir-Re thin films with Ti interlayer were deposited onto the tungsten carbide substrate by ion beam assisted DC magnetron sputtering. The Ir-Re films were prepared with targets of having two atomic percent of 7:3 and 5:5. The microstructure and surface ana

Ir-Re;Ion beam assisted DC magnetron sputtering;Molding core;Tungsten carbide(WC);

A new convenient magnet array module is designed to investigate effects of magnetic field array on magnetron discharge characteristics. Magnetic field analysis showed good agreement of measured discharge region by a CCD device which has a high quantum eff

Magnetron;Sputtering;Magnetic field;Plasma;Pulsed dc;Melting;

In this paper, the LiF and polymer thin film as passivation layer have been evaporated on green OLED devices. HDPE, polyacenaphthylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-pheneylene oxide), poly sulfone and poly(dimer-acid-co-alkyl poly-amine)

OLEO;Passivation;Thin film;Polymer;Inorganic;

High strength 7xxx series Al-Zn-Mg alloy have been investigated for using light weight automotive parts especially for bump back beam. The composition of commercial 7xxx aluminum has the Zn/Mg ratio about 3 and Cu over 2 wt%, but this composition isn`t ad

Stress corrosion cracking;Slow strain rate test;Zn/Mg ratio;Cu content;7xxx aluminium alloy;

The pyrolysized carbon xerogel and aerogels were prepared from the sol-gel polymerization of resorcinol-formaldehyde(RF) followed by the dry process under ambient pressure and supercritical carbon dioxide condition respectively. The thermal behaviour of R

Carbon aerogel;Porous materials;Catalyst supported media;Point of zero charge (PZC);

High strength 7xxx aluminum alloys have been applied to automotive bump back beam of the some limited model for light weight vehicle. The aluminum bump back beam is manufactured through extrusion, bending and welding. The residual stress given on these pr

Stress corrosion cracking;Slow strain rate test;7xxx aluminium alloy;Extrusion;Corrosion atmosphere;Strain rate;

Nitrogen and aluminum codoped ZnO(NAZO) thin films were grown on glass substrates with changing the nitrogen flow ratio by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of the NAZO films were investigated. The su

ZnO;RF magnetron sputtering;Nitrogen flow ratio;

We have developed a numerical model for a remote ICP(inductively coupled plasma) system in 2D and 3D with gas distribution configurations and confirmed it by plasma diagnostics. The ICP source has a Cu tube antenna wound along a quartz tube driven by a va

Numerical modeling;Inductively coupled plasma;CFD-ACE;

Trivalent ions(Ga, Al, In) doped ZnO films were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering on non-alkali glass substrate at substrate temperature of $300^{circ}C$. We used the different three types of high density($95%{sim}$) ceramic sinte

TCO;AZO;GZO;ZIO;Magnetron sputtering;Zinc oxide;Ionic radius;

The dental orthodontic wire provides a good combination of strength, corrosion resistance and moderate cost. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TiN and ZrN coating on corrosion resistance and physical property of orthodontic wire

Orthodontic wire;TiN coating;ZrN coating;Surface treatment;

Small FRP(fiber-reinforced polymer) fishing ships have numerous problems with the point of the environmental and recycling perspectives. In light of these aspects, aluminum can be used as a material for ship building. It is environmental friendly, easy to

FRP;Al alloy;Friction stir welding;Traveling speed;

The dental orthodontic bracket requires good mechanical properties, such as elastic strength and frictional resistance, combined with a high resistance to corrosion. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of TiN and ZrN coating on corr

Orthodontic bracket;TiN coating;ZrN coating;Surface treatment;

The objective of this study is to coat the $SiO_2$ layer uniformly on the ZnS:Cu phosphors by using Sol-Gel method. From results of SEM micrographs observation, XRD and XPS analysis, it could be confirmed that $SiO_2$ layer was relat

Silica;ZnS:Cu phosphor$SiO_2/ZnS:Cu/ZnS$ Coating;Luminescence;Sol-Gel synthesis;

Nanosize tungsten powder was synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method through a solution containing ammonium metatungstate hydrate $[(NH_4)_6W_{12}O_{39}{cdot}H_2O]$ and reduction treatment. It was expected the improvement of mechanical

Nanosize tungsten powder;Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method;Starting solution;

A.C. impedance properties of HA/Ti compound layer coated Ti-30Ta-($3{sim}15$)Nb alloys have been studied by electrochemical method. Ti-30Ta binary alloys contained 3, 7, 10 and 15 wt% Nb were manufactured by the vacuum furnace system. And then

Electrochemical Properties;Ti-30Ta-(3${sim}$15)Nb alloy;Hydoxyapatite;Magnetron sputter;

In this study, we carried out an investigation of the etching characteristics (etch rate, selectivity to $SiO_2$ and $HfO_2$) of TiN thin films in the $CH_4$/Ar inductively coupled plasma. The maximum etch rate of $27

Etch;TiN;Inductively Coupled Plasma;surface;

Several methods for improving dispersion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been investigated. CNTs modified by acids and hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) showed improved dispersion. From SEM micrographs and photos of dispersion, CNTs modified with ni

Carbon nanotubes;Surface modification;Electrochemical properties;Electrode double layer;

Indium tin oxide (ITO) has been commonly used as an anode for organic light emitting diode (OLED), because of its relatively high work function, high transmittance, and low resistance. The ITO was mostly deposited by capacitive type DC or RF sputtering. I

Organic light emitting diode (OLED);Facing target sputtering (FTS);Indium-tin-oxide (ITO);Surface roughness;Microstructure;

A 3D particle code is developed to analyze electron behavior in a planar magnetron sputtering cathode either in balanced or unbalanced configuration. Three types of collisions are included; electron - neutral elastic, excitation to a metastable state and

plasma;magnetron sputtering;particle simulation;

Indium tin oxide (ITO) films were deposited on PET substrate by RF superimposed DC magnetron sputtering using ITO (doped with 10 wt% $SnO_2$) target. Substrate temperature was maintained below $750^{circ}C$ without intentionally subs

Indium Tin Oxide (ITO);RF super-imposed DC sputtering;Magnetron sputtering;Flexible substrate;Bending test;

In this study, two kinds of Fe-based bulk metallic glasses (BMG) powder were built-up through atmospheric plasma spray (APS) technique. The microstructure of two coatings was analyzed through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmissio

Bulk metallic glasses;Atmospheric plasma spray;Microstructure;Tribological property;

Titanium and its alloy have been widely used in dental implant and orthopedic prostheses. Electrochemical characteristics of dental implant in the various simulated body fluids have been researched by using electrochemical methods. Ti-6Al-4V alloy implant

Dental implant;Simulated body fluid;Artificial saliva;Electrochemical characteristics;Pitting potential;

The dental orthodontic mini-screw requires good mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance for implantation in the bone. The purpose of this study was to investigate the electrochemical characteristics of TiN and ZrN coated orthodontic mini-screw

Orthodontic mini-screw;TiN coating;ZrN coating;Electrochemical characteristics;Ion-plating;

Composite plating is a method of co-deposition of plating layer with metallic and/or non-metallic particles to improve the plating layer properties such as high corrosion resistance and photolysis of organic compounds. The properties of nickel-ceramic com

$TiO_2$;Non-aqueous plating;Photolysis;Ethanol;

The porous metal material is used for injection metal mold with a great deal of gas production because it makes plenty of gas exhausted through pores formed in the metal mold. A canning HIP method was conventionally used for manufacturing of porous metals

Porous metal mold;Porous material;Vacuum sintering;Canning HIP;Injection mold;

Generally, deposition mechanism of diamond particle is mainly embedding effect in the kinetic spray process. Accordingly, in spite of high cost, helium gas was employed as process gas to get high diamond fraction in the composite coating. In this study, t

Ni coated diamond;Bronze/diamond composite;Kinetic spraying;Particle flight velocity and plastic deformation;

Interaction between human osteoblast and TiN films was conducted in vitro. TiN films were produced by cathodic arc plasma deposition. The surface was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). TiN films, glass substrates and Ti films were cultured wi

Human osteoblast;TiN film;Cell adhesion;Surface modification;Cytoskeleton;

The etch of $(Na_{0.5}K_{0.5})NbO_3$ (NKN) thin film was performed in $BCl_3/Cl_2/Ar$ inductively coupled plasma. It was found that the 1sccm addition $BCl_3$ (5%) into $Cl_2/Ar$ plasma caused a non-monotonic be

NKN;ICP;Etch;XPS;

3-dimensional numerical analysis for a rectangular magnetron cathode model is done to predict cooling characteristics of high power sputtering system for ZnO deposition. It includes cooling channel design, heat transfer analysis of a target, bonding layer

Plasma;Magnetron sputtering;Heat transfer;Numerical analysis;

Numerical analysis is done to investigate which would be the most influencing process parameter in determining the uniformity of deposition thickness in TiN ICP-CVD(inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition). Two configurations of ICP antenna a

Plasma;Chemical vapor deposition;Fluid simulation;

Reactively magnetron sputtered TiN films were deposited on Si wafers under varying bias voltage and characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Nanoindentation. The films deposited under an Ar + $N_2$ atm

Reactive magnetron sputtering;TiN coating;Substrate bias;Microstructure;

Dental implant system is composed of abutment, abutment screw and implant fixture connected with screw. The problems of loosening/tightening and stability of abutment screw depend on surface characteristics, like a surface roughness, coating materials and

Dental implant system;TiN coating;ZrN coating;Electrochemical characteristics;EB-PVD and sputtering;

In this paper, nanocrystallization of CuNiTiZr bulk metallic glass (BMG) subjecting to a kinetic spraying, dependent on impact velocity, was investigated by numerical and experimental approaches. The crystallization fraction and nucleation activation ener

Kinetic spray;High-resolution electron microscopy (HREM);Metallic glasses;Crystallization;Superplasticity;

Oxide layers were prepared on Al2021 alloys substrate under a hybrid voltage of AC 200 V (60 Hz) combined with DC 260 V value at room temperature within $5{sim}60;min$ by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). An optimized aluminate-fluorosilicat

Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Al2021 Alloy;Aluminate fluorosilicate electrolyte;Oxide layer;

In this study, the functional property as a super abrasive material was secured for CBN powder by the electroless Ni-P plating on the surface of the particle. The plating solution has been prepared to control the surface morphology by regulating surfactan

CBN;surfactants;Ni electroless plating;Surface morphology;Botryoidal;

Al6061 and Sus304 materials are bonded by using thermal bonding technology. Al6061, Sus304 and thermal bonded Al6061/Al6061 and Al6061/Sus304 materials are characterized by using mechanical and electrical measurement. Especially the experimental character

Bonded material;Al6061/Sus304;FESEM;EDAX;Bonding strength;Hardness;LCR meter;

The replica of highly ordered nano-sphere array patterns were fabricated using hot embossing method. First, silica nano-sphere array on Si substrate was transferred to PVC film at $130^{circ}C$ and 7 bar using hot embossing process. Then, silic

Nano-sphere;Flexible template;UV nanoimprint lithography;Curved substrate;

Cutting performance and wear behavior were studied with the diamond micro-blade of Cu/Sn bond materials containing various amount of lubricant materials such as graphite and $MoS_2$. Measurement of instantaneous electric power consumption for c

Cutting performance;Diamond micro-blades;Graphite;Molybdenum disulfide;Wear behavior;

In friction stir welding for 6061-T6 with various traveling speed and rotation speed conditions, the best mechanical characteristics presented in traveling speed of 507 mm/min and rotation speed of 1100RPM. The maximum tensile strength and yield strength

6061-T6 Al alloy;Friction stir welding(FSW);Mechanical characteristic;Electrochemical characteristic;

Quaternary TiZrAlN nanocomposite thin films were synthesized by Closed-Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUBMS), and their microstructure and mechanical characteristics were examined. The grain refinement of the TiZrAlN nanocomposite thin films was

TiZrAlN;Nanocomposite;CFUBMS;

For low-emissivity application on window glass, coalescence of thin film silver islands is crucial for high transmittance in the visible and high reflectance in the infrared. It is well known that the underlayer affects the growth mode. In this work, the

Thin film;Filtered cathodic vacuum arc;Coalescence;Nb seeding;Low-emissivity;

Stable metallic Cu/Zn nanoparticles were prepared in the base oil phase by hydrothermal method. The physical properties, such as crystal structure, crystallite size and crystallinity according to synthesis conditions have been investigated by XRD, FT-IR a

Nanosized Cu/Zn particles;Hydrothermal method;Base oils;4-ball test;Lubricant;

Recently, mesoporous metallic materials are becoming more and more important in various applications like catalysts, electrochemical detectors, batteries, and fuel cells because of their high surface area. Among the various methods for manufacturing mesop

Liquid crystal;Surfactant;Template;Phase diagram;Electroplating;Mesoporous nickel;

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Al addition on the reaction behavior of cobalt with molten zinc. Pure cobalt specimen was immersion tested in the three kinds of molten zinc (pure, 0.12%Al added and 0.24%Al added) baths at

Co-binder;Al added molten Zinc;Parabolic rate law;CoAl particle;Diffusion process of Al atom;Boundary layer;

Ni coating layers were formed using a newly developed electroless Ni plating solution. The properties of Ni coating layer such as internal stress, hardness, surface roughness, crystallinity, solderability and surface morphology were investigated using var

Nickel;Electroless plating;ENIG;Black pad;Solderability;

The pure CrN powders oxidized to $Cr_2O_3$ noticeably above $850^{circ}C$ in air. When these powders were sintered into bulk samples at $1500^{circ}C$ under 40 atm of $N_2$ pressure, the CrN phase partly changed

CrN;$Cr_2N$;High-temperature phase stability;sintering;$Cr_2O_3$;

Excavated archaeological iron artifacts are usually conducted the conservation treatment for removal of chloride ions in the corrosion products. However, some iron artifacts are corroded again even after the conservation treatment due to unremoved chlorid

Archaeological cast iron;Conservation treatment;Akaganeite(${eta}-FeOOH$);Desalination;

Metal containing hydrogen free nanocrystalline structured carbon (Me:nc-C) films were synthesized by closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering system (CFUBM). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the microstructure and physic

Metal containing nanocrystalline structured carbon;Me:nc-C;

Ni-SiC composite coating layers were formed using two kinds of SiC nano-particles by DC electrodeposition in a nickel sulfamate bath containing SiC particles. The effect of stirring rate and SiC particle type on the microstructure and properties of Ni-SiC

SiC;Nickel;Nano;Particle;Composite;Electroplating;

Ni-P-SiC composite coating layers were prepared by electroless plating method and their deposition rate, codeposition of SiC, morphology, surface roughness, hardness, wear and friction properties were investigated. The deposition rate was kept almost cons

Nickel;Silicon carbide;Electroless plating;Composite;Codeposition;Harness;Wear;Friction;

To investigate the characteristics of green light-emitting OLED device, C545T material with $Alq_3$ was doped in the OLED device of $ITO(1500)/2-TNATA(400{AA})/NPB(80{AA})/Alq_3:C545T(160{AA})/Alq_3(240{AA})/LiF(3{AA})/Al(2400{AA})$

OLED;Green;Efficiency;Lifetime;C545T;

Crevice corrosion is the accelerated attack occurred in the occluded cell under a crevice on the metal surface. Crevice corrosion behaviors of nickel-based alloys such as Alloy 600 and Alloy 690 were investigated in acidic solution with different chloride

Crevice corrosion;Passive film;Abrading electrode;Repassivation kinetics;Repassivation rate parameter;

In this study we investigated the oxygen effect on the nucleation and its residual stress during unbalanced magnetron sputtering. Up to 0.5% in oxygen flow rate, cubic phase (c-BN) was dominated with extremely small fraction of Hexagonal phase (h-BN) of i

Cubic boron nitride;Oxygen addition;Residual stress;Nucleation;

[ $NiCl_2$ ] and poly-L-lysine coated protein chip plates have been fabricated using a spin coating system. Water has been used as solvent and scratching effects on glass slides and ITO have been investigated. We also observed the surface prope

$NiCl_2$ and poly-L-lysine;Protein chip plate;Spin coating;Scratching effect;Protein adsorption;

We have investigated the optical and electrical properties of surface mounted white light emitting diode (LED) chips prepared by using yellow phosphors on the blue LED chip. The yellow phosphor mixed with transparent epoxy was coated on the prepared LED c

White LED;Yellow phosphor;Luminance;

Aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) films were deposited on non-alkali glass substrate by DC magnetron sputtering with 3 types of AZO targets (doped with 1.0 wt%, 2.0 wt%, 3.0 wt% $Al_2O_3$). Electrical, optical properties and microstructure of AZO

Transparent conductive oxide;Ai doped ZnO;Electrical property;Microstructure;DC magnetron sputtering;

Titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) films were deposited by RF reactive magnetron sputtering on non-alkali glass and single crystal MgO (100) substrate at substrate temperature of $400^{circ}C$. Micro structures of $TiO_2$ films we

Titanium dioxide;Photocatalyst;Crystallinity;Reactive sputtering;

The ITO films were deposited on glass substrates by RF-superimposed dc reactive magnetron sputtering and were annealed in $N_2$ vacuum furnace with temperatures in the range of $403K{sim}573K$ for 30 minutes. Electrical, optical and

Indium tin oxide;RF-superimposed DC reactive magnetron sputtering;OLED;Resistvity;Mobility;Surface roughness;Transmittance;

Many fundamental studies have been carried out regarding waste water and hazardous gas treatment technology using the photolysis effect of $TiO_2$. However, photolysis of both organic and organic-inorganic binders immobilizing $TiO_2$

$TiO_2$;Nickel plating;Composite plating;

The typical MCFC (molten carbonate fuel cell) anode is made of Ni-10%Cr alloy. The work of this paper is focused concerning long life of anode because Ni-10% Cr anode is suffering from sintering and creep behavior during cell operation. Therefore, Ni-coat

MCFC anode;Electroless plating;Creep;Activation energy;

The effects of texturing and anti-reflection coating on the reflection properties of multi-crystalline silicon solar cell have been investigated. The chemical solutions of alkaline and acidic etching solutions were used for texturing at the surface of mul

Multi-crystalline silicon Solar cell;Anti-reflection coating;Reflectance; Texturing;

To prepare the transparent electrode for electronic devices such as flat panel or flexible displays, solar cells, and touch panels; tin doped $In_2O_3$ (ITO) films with low resistivity and a high transparency were fabricated using a facing targ

ITO;Facing targets sputtering;Mobility;Carrier concentration;

Of all components of MCFC(molten carbonate fuel cell), corrosion of separator is one of the most decisive factor for commercializing of MCFC. In order to provide better understanding of corrosion behavior and morphology for gas channel of separator plate,

MCFC(molten carbonate fuel cell);Intergrannular corrosion;Separator;Channel corrosion;

Transparent aluminum oxide films were deposited on polycarbonate (PC) substrates by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) assisted reactive sputtering. the oxygen flow rate was regulated by controlling the target voltage with a proportional integrate derivativ

Polycorbonote;ICP;Aluminum Oxide;Hard coating;Residual stress;

Compared to conventional Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) film deposition methods, cesium (Cs) assisted sputtering offers higher film characteristics in terms of electrical, mechanical and optical properties. However, it showed highly non-linear characteristics bet

Design of Experiment[DOE];Cesium assisted sputtering;Indium tin oxide[ITO];Statistical analysis;

High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coating of nano size WC-Co powder (nWC-Co) has been studied as one of the most promising candidate for the possible replacement of the traditional hard plating in some area which causes environmental and heal

HVOF;nWC-Co;Thermal spraying;Optimal coating process;Friction Coefficients;

An Fe-Ni-Co based superalloy Incoloy 909 (Incoloy 909) has been used for gas turbine engine component material. This alloy is susceptible to high temperature oxidation and corrosion because of the absence of corrosion resistant Cr. For the improvement of

Incoloy alloy 909;Aluminizing;Pack cementation;Multi-diffusion;

A new zirconium alloy, low-Sn Zircaloy-4 was investigated to see the effects of high pressure steam on the oxidation at high temperatures. High pressure steam turned out to enhance the oxidation at high temperatures below $1000^{circ}C$. The ox

Zircaloy;Oxidation;High Pressure Steam;Tetragonal oxides;

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a complex system, consisting of many sophisticated components. For a systematic characterization, a $2^4$ full factorial experiment was conducted. The SEM components examined include condenser lens 1 and

SEM;Statistical analysis;Main effect;Response surface model;

Dye sensitized solar cells(DSSC) are the most promising future energy resource due to their high energy efficiency, low production cost, and simple manufacturing process. But one problem in DSSC is short life time compared to silicon solar cells. This pro

Ink-jet Printing;$TiO_2$;Brookite;Ultrathin Transparent Film;Amaranth;Photodecomposition;

Fit of the restoration and its cementation procedure is crucial to both its short and long term prognosis. Marginal fit is affected by many variables during the fabrication process. These variables, being intrinsic properties of the materials or the clini

Surface Compatibility;Marginal fidelity;Die spacer;Cementation;

Preliminary studies were conducted to develop a dimensionally stable anode (DSA)electrode prepared by reactive sputtering method. The microstructure, surface morphology and electrochemical properties of iridium oxide $(IrO_2)$ coatings synthesi

Unbalanced magnetron sputtering;DSA electrode;iridium oxide;Electrochemical properties;

Change of the plasma volume by pulse frequency in a bipolar pulsed DC unbalanced magnetron sputtering was investigated. As increasing the frequency at off duty 10% and at a constant power, the plasma volume was lengthened in vertical direction from the AZ

AZO;Bipolar pulsed DC;Plasma volume;UBM;

The objective of this study is to evaluate the diffusion behavior of Al and Si from a coatings in the microstucture of Fe-Si steel. Steel samples deposited with Al-Si alloy are prepared by ion plating process, followed by annealing treatments for diffusio

Aluminized silicon steel;Diffusion annealing;Ion plating;

The corrosion characteristics of Fe-18Cr-10Ni steels were studied between $600^{circ}C$ and $1000^{circ}C$ in Ar+(0.2, 1)%$SG_2$ gas for up to 300 hr in order to employ Fe-18Cr-10Ni steels in the coal-fired power plants. T

$SO_2-gas$ corrosion;Steel;Chromium;Nickel;Sulfidation;Oxidation;

Effects of alloying elements on the corrosion layer formation of Pb-grid/active materials interface has been researched for improvement of corrosion resistance of Pb-Ca alloy. For this research, various amounts of alloying elements such as Sn, Ag and Ba w

Lead-Calcium;Lead/acid batteries;Grid alloys;Life cycle;Corrosion layer;

As a reactor coolant pump (RCP) is operated in the nuclear power system for a long time, so its surface is continuously contaminated by radioactive scales. In order to maintain for RCP internals, a special chemical decontamination process should be used t

Reactor coolant pump;Chemical decontamination process;Pitting corrosion;Intergranular corrosion;

$MgF_2$/Cr/$MgF_2$, $MgF_2$/Cu/$MgF_2$ and $MgF_2$/Al/$MgF_2$ multi-layered thin films were fabricated by evaporation system. $MgF_2$ and Cr(Cu, And Al) was selected as a low ref

$MgF_2$/Cr/$MgF_2$;$MgF_2$/Cu/$MgF_2$ $MgF_2$/Al/$MgF_2$;Pearl-pigment;Evaporation;

Amorphous IZO films were deposited on PET substrate by DC magnetron sputtering without substrate heating. In order to investigate effect of reactive gas addition on film properties, 0.2-0.4% of $H_2$ or $O_2$ gas was introduced durin

OLED;IZO;TCO;Bending test;Mechanical property;Water permeability;DC magnetron sputtering;

Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of SKD 11 steel. Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 12 h at $520^{circ}C$ in the nitrogen, hydrogen and methane atmospher

Plasma nitrocarburizing;Post oxidation;$varepsilon-Fe_{2-3}(N,C)$;$gamma-Fe_4(N,C)$;$Fe_3O_4$;

TiN coating on tool steel has been widely used for the improvement of durability of tools. In this work, radical nitriding(RN) is carried out on SKD61 at $450^{circ}C$ for 5 hours in the ammonia gas pressure $2.7{ imes}10^3;Pa$. The

TiN film;Adhesion;Radical nitriding;Arc ion plating;Bind coating;

Relationships between the electrical resistivity and the growth characteristic of $SnO_2$ thin films were investigated. $SnO_2$ thin films with thickness from 64 nm to 91 nm were made by controlling the RF deposition energy from 80 t

Tin dioxide[$SnO_2$];Annealing;Electrical resistivity;Grain size;

Recently, there has been a new appreciation of aluminum alloys as materials that are capable of reducing the environment load. This is because aluminum alloys are lightweight, easy to recycle, permit miniaturization, and have environmental friendly proper

Aluminum alloys;Slow strain rate test;Electrochemical property;Hydrogen embrittlement;Stress corrosion cracking;Optimum protection potential;

In this study, applicable possibility in chemical decontamination for reactor coolant pump(RCP) was investigated for the various stainless steels. The stainless steel(STS) 304 showed the best electrochemical properties for corrosion current density and th

Reactor coolant pump;Chemical decontamination;Corrosion current density;Stainless steel;

Cr-Mo-Si-C-N coatings were deposited on steel and Si wafer by a hybrid system of AIP and sputtering techniques using Cr, Mo and Si target in $Ar/N_2/CH_4$ gaseous mixture. Instrumental analyses of XRD and XPS revealed that the Cr-Mo-Si-C-N coat

Cr-Mo-Si-C-N;Hybrid system;Microstructure;Mechanical properties;

In this study, effect of sputtering after plasma nitriding and before PVD coating on the microstucture, microhardness, surface roughness and the adhesion strength of CrN thin films were investigated. Experimental results showed that this sputtering proces

Duplex surface treatment;Plasma nitriding;PVD coating;Adhesion strength;CrN thin film;

Al-doped ZnO(AZO)/Ag/AZO multi-layer films deposited on PET substrate by RF magnetron sputtering have a much better electrical properties than Al-doped ZnO single-layer films. The multi-layer structure consisted of three layers, AZO/Ag/AZO, the optimum th

AZO;Ag;PET;RF magnetron sputtering;Optical transmission;Sheet resistance;

The effects of an organic additive, naphthalene trisulfonic acid (NTSA), contained in the nickel sulfamate bath on the surface properties of the electrodeposited nickel layer were investigated through electrochemical technique, x-ray diffraction analysis,

Nickel film;Nickel sulfamate bath;Organic additive;Naphthalene trisulfonic acid;

Although stainless steels have the excellent corrosion resistance by passive film, they are susceptible to pitting corrosion in the environment containing halogen elements such as chloride ions. The resistance to pitting corrosion can be evaluated by meas

Critical pitting temperature;Immersion test;Potentiostatic polarization;Potentiodynamic polarization;Pitting resistance equivalent index;Pitting potential;

Al-Mg alloy, an open rack vaporizer(ORV) material was reported to be corroded in seawater environments though the ORV material was coupled to thermally sprayed Al-Zn alloy functioning a sacrificial anode. In addition, the corrosion behavior based on the c

Open rack vaporizer;Boundary element method;Galvanic potential;Al-Zn alloy;Pitting corrosion;

In this study, the fatigue properties on the cavitation damage of the flame quenched 8.8Al-bronze (8.8Al-4.5Ni-4.5Fe-Cu) as well as the current nuclear pump impeller materials (8.8Al-bronze, STS316 and SR50A) has been investigated using an ultrasonic vibr

Cavitation;Erosion;Impact load;Aluminum bronze;Fatigue fracture;Miner`s law;

The oxidation behavior and Biocompatibility of pure Ti and Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy were studied in dry air atmosphere. The specimens showed that Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy had higher oxidation resistance than pure Ti at $650^{circ}C$. Cytotoxicity test also rev

Biomaterials;Oxidation;Cytotoxity test;

In this study, the movable flame hardening process of 12Cr steel for a uniform hardness and desirable residual stress have been investigated. For this, the temperature cycles have been controlled accurately as a function of the three processing variables,

Flame hardening;12Cr steel;Steam turbine blade;Residual stress;Heart treatment;

In this study, In-base solder was applied to the interface between $Bi_2Sr_2Ca_1Cu_2O_x(Bi_{2212})$ superconductor and Cu-Ni shunt metal at the temperature lower than $150^{circ}C$. Most of the cases, $Bi_{2212}$ supercond

PTC;Superconductor;Soldering;Electroplating;Solder;$Bi_{2212}$;In;Ag;Precooling;

Nanoscale task such as nanolithography and nanoindenting is a challenging work that is beyond the capabilities of human sensing and precision. Since surface forces and intermolecular forces dominate over gravitational and other more intuitive forces of th

Haptic interfaces;Nonorobotics;Nonolithogrophy;Teleoperation control; Nonotechnology;

As technology advances, there is a demand for development of hard, solid lubricant coating. (Ti,Cr)N-$MoS_2$, films were deposited on SKD 11 tool steel substrate by co-deposition of $MoS_2$, with (Ti,Cr)N using a D.C. magnetron sputt

Soild Iubricant coating;(Ti,Cr)N-$MoS_2$ films;$MoS_2$;(Ti,Cr)N;D.C. magnetron sputtering;

Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to investigate physical sputtering of Fe(100) substrate due to energetic ion bombardments. Repulsive interatomic potentials at short internuclear distances were determined with ab initio calculations using t

Molecular dynamics simulation;Sputtering;Ion bombardment;Fe;

Diamond films were deposited on 10.0$ imes$10.0$mm^2$ pretreated (100) Si substrate using $CH_4$, $H_2$ and $O_2$ source gases in a horizontal-type microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Diamond;Nucleation density;Quality;The simultaneous cyclic on/off modulation of $CH_4$ and $O_2$ flow;

The characteristic of interface layer and the effect of bias voltage on the microstructure of c-BN films were studied in the microwave plasma hot filament C.V.D process. c-BN films were deposited on a high speed steel(SKH-51) substrate by hot filament CVD

c-BN films;Bias voltage;Microwave plasma hot filament C.V.D Process;Resistance wear coating tool;

Polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) are expected to be commercialized as next generation displays by advantages of the fast response time, low driving voltage and easy manufacturing process for large sized flexible display. Generally, the electrical and

Polymer light emitting diode;$O_2$ plasma;PFO-poss;PVK;Surface roughness;Contact angle;Luminance;

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films were deposited on the plastic substrate by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) assisted DC magnetron sputtering. The AZO films were produced by sputtering a metallic target (Zn/Al) in a mixture of argon and oxygen gases. AZO films wi

Al-doped ZnO (AZO);Inductively coupled plasma (ICP);Reactive sputtering;Target voltage control;Plastic substrate;

The effects of negative carbon ion beam energy on the bonding configuration, hardness and surface roughness of DLC film prepared by a direct metal ion beam deposition system were investigated. As the negative carbon ion beam energy increased from 25 to 15

Diamond-like carbon;Ion bombardment;Nanohardness;AFM;

In this work, comparative studies on microstructure and mechanical properties between $Mo_2N$ and Mo-Si-N coatings were conducted. Ternary Mo-Si-N coatings were deposited on AISI D2 steel substrates by a hybrid method, where AIP technique was c

Mo-Si-N;Hybrid coating system;Microstructure;Mechanical properties;

The codeposition behavior of WC particles from an additive-free nickel sulfate and sulfamate solution has been investigated. Electroplating of Ni/WC composites was carried out at different current density with variation of WC particle size. The Guglielmi

WC;WC-Co;Composite;Codeposition;Current density;

A set of Quartz Crystal Microbalances (QCM`s) was used to observe the film removal characteristics of three different $CO_2-nitric$ acid microemulsions. QCM`s electroplated with nickel or copper were used as specimens. F-AOT, NP-4 and the newly

Supercritical;Carbon dioxide;$CO_2$;Microemulsion;Surfactant;Environment;QCM;

The high velocity oxy-fuel sprayed coatings of 38Ni-23Co-20Cr-11Al-3Y-5Ta, 25Ni-34Co-20Cr-11Al-3Y-2Re and 32Ni-34.5Co-22Cr-11Al-0.5Ir (in wt%) were oxidized at 1000 and $1100^{circ}C$ in air in order to find the alloying effect of Ta, Re and Ir

NiCoCrAlY;Coating;High velocity oxy-fuel spraying;

Process window for infinite etch selectivity of silicon nitride $(Si_3N_4)$ layers to ArF photoresist (PR) was investigated in dual frequency superimposed capacitive coupled plasma (DFS-CCP) by varying the process parameters such as low frequen

Etch;Nitride;CCP;ArF PR;Dual frequency;

A novel internal-type linear inductive antenna, which we refer to as a double comb-type antenna, was developed for a large-area plasma source with substrate size of $880;mm{ imes}660;mm$ ($4^{th}$ generation glass size). In this stud

Plasma;Large area;Impedance;Display;

Failure mechanisms of electron beam physical vapor deposited thermal barrier coatings(EB-PVD TBCs) that occur during thermal cyclic oxidation were investigated. The investigations include microstructural degradation of NiCrAIY bond coat, thermally grown o

Thermal barrier coatings(TBCs);Thermally grown oxides(TGOs);Electron beam-Physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD);Bond coat;Thermal cyclic oxidation;

Nanodiamond films were deposited on Si substrate by introducing a time dependent on/off modulation of $CH_4;and;O_2$ flows in a vertical-type microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. Surface morphology and diamond quality of

Nanodiamond;On/off modulation time;Nano particle;Cluster;

Ni-SiC composite coating layers were prepared by electroplating method and their deposition rate, codeposition of SiC, morphology, surface roughness, hardness, wear and friction properties were investigated. It was found that the deposition rate and the c

Ni-SiC;Composite;Electroplating;Codeposition;Hardness;Wear;Friction;

Metallized Polyimide films are extensively used as base materials in microelectronics, optical and automotive applications. However it is difficult to deposit metals on those because of their structural stabilities. In this work, polyimide films are modif

Polyimide film;Surface modification;Electroless metal deposit;Functional group;Micro-anchoring;

Incoloy alloy 909 is an Fe-Ni-Co based superalloy that is attractive for gas turbine engine applications. The absence of chromium, however, makes the alloy more susceptible to oxidation in high temperature. To improve the oxidation resistance aluminizing

Aluminizing;Pack Cementation;Incoroy alloy 909;

High velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF) thermal spray coating of WC-Co powder is one of the most promising candidate for the replacement of the traditional hard chrome plating and ceramics coating because of the environmental problem of the very toxic $Cr^{6

WC-Co;Wear resistance;Thermal spraying;HVOF;High speed spindle;

The effects of blasting and acidic treatment on the corrosion characteristics of dental implant fabricated with Cp-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy have been researched by using electrochemical methods. The fabricated implants were cleaned and sandblasted by $

Blasting;Acidic Treatment;Corrosion Characteristics;Dental Implant;

Titanium nitride (TiN) coatings were produced on AISI 420 stainless steel by DC magnetron sputtering of a Ti target changing the processing variables, such as the flow rate of $N_2/Ar$, substrate temperature and the existence of Ti interlayer b

Stoichiometry;Sputtering;Thin film;

Indium tin oxide (ITO) films were synthesized on polymer (PES, polyethersulfone) at room temperature by pulsed DC magnetron sputtering. By the control of introducing hydrogen to argon atmosphere, the resistivity of ITO films was obtained at $5.27;{ i

ITO;Hydrogen;Low temperature;Pulsed magnetron sputtering;

In order to enhance the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of commercialized cold-rolled steel sheets, we have prepared Ni deposited steel sheets by the electrodeposition method. Surface alloying with Ni and Fe was achieved on a steel sheet by diffusion

Electromagnetic shielding;Shielding effectiveness;Electrodeposited steel sheets;

The passivity behavior of copper anode containing impurities in copper sulfate solution for electrorefining process was studied at several different levels of impurities such as As, Sb, Bi and Pb. The passivity behavior was investigated by electrochemical

Passivity behavior;Arsenic;Antimony;Bismuth;Lead;Impurity;

The current efficiency of copper anode containing impurities in copper sulfate solution for electrorefining was studied at various current type such as direct current, variable current and periodic reverse current. The passivity behavior was investigated

Variable current;Direct current;Current efficiency;

Diamonds have been widely employed as polishing media for precise machining and noble substrates for microelectronics. The recent development of the split sphere press has led to the enhancement of low quality natural diamonds. Synthesized and treated dia

Natural diamond;Treated diamond;Lang topography;UV fluorescence;

The aluminum nitride(AlN) layer on Al7075 substrate has been formed through nitrogen ion implantation process. The implantation process was performed under the conditions : 100 keV energy, total ion dose up to $2{ imes}10^{18};ions/cm^2$. XRD a

Al7075;Ion implantation;AlN;Friction;Hardness;Surface modification;

Tribaloy 800 (T800) powder is coated on the Inconel 718 substrate by the optimal High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coating process developed by this laboratory. For the study of the possibility of replacing of the widely used classical chrome pl

Sliding wear test;Slurry erosion;Melts and partial-melts;Solid and liquid lubricant;

In this study, ternary Ti-Mo-N and new quaternary Ti-Mo-Si-N coatings were synthesized on steel substrates(AISI D2) and Si wafers by a hybrid coating system of arc ion plating (AIP) using Ti target and d.c. magnetron sputtering technique using Mo and Si t

Ti-Mo-Si-N;Hybrid cooling system;Microstructure;Mechanical properties;

Effect of hydrogen partial pressure ratio on the structural and electrical properties of highly c-axis oriented ZnO films deposited by oxygen ion-assisted pulsed filtered vacuum arc at a room temperature was investigated. The hydrogen partial pressure rat

Electrical property;Structure;ZnO thin film;Vacuum arc;Hydrogen effect;Low temperature deposition;

Pd-Cu alloy membrane for hydrogen separation was fabricated by sputtering and Cu reflow process. At first, the Pd and Cu was continuously deposited by sputtering method on oxidized Si support, the Cu reflow process was followed. Microstructure of the surf

Cu reflow;Oxidized Si support;Pd-Cu alloy hydrogen membrane;Sputtering deposition;Hydrogen separation;

As technology advances, there is a demand for development of hard solid lubricant coating. (Ti, Cr, Zr)N-$MoS_2$ films were deposited on AISI H13 tool steel substrate by co-deposition of $MoS_2$ with (Ti, Cr, Zr)N using a D.C. magnet

Solid lubricant coating;(Ti, Cr, Zr)N-$MoS_2$ films;Magnetron sputtering;

In this study, effect of sputtering on the plasma-nitriding substrate and before PVD coating on the microstucture, microhardness, surface roughness and the adhesion strength of CrZrN thin films were investigated. Experimental results showed that this sput

Duplex surface treatment;Plasma nitriding;PVD coating;Adhesion strength;CrZrN thin film;

In order to improve the performance of PPFs (Pre-Plated Frames), a PPF that employed a Cu-Sn alloy instead of conventionally used Ni was developed and then its properties were investigated. It was found that the electoplated Cu-Sn alloy layer was a mixtur

PPF;Leadframe;Cu-Sn alloy;Electro-plating;

Viscosities of $LaCl_3-NaCl$ binary melts were measured by the capillary method over the range of their liquidus temperatures to about 1200K. The cell constant were determined by using pure water. The results obtained are summerized as follows:

Viscosity;$LaCl_3-NaCl$;Binary melts;Capillary method;Complex ion;$LaCl_4^-$;Activation energy;

Alloys of TiAl-Mn-(0, 5, 10)wt.% $Y_2O_3$ were prepared by a powder metallurgical route, and their oxidation behavior was studied at 800, 900 and $1000^{circ}C$ in 1 atm of air. The scale formed on the alloys consisted of $TiO_2

TiAl;Manganese;$T_2O_3$;Dispersoid;Oxidation;

Hard chrome plating has been used in surface hard coating over 50 years both for applying hard coating and re-building of worn components. Hard chrome plating solution and mist pollute environment with very toxic $Cr^{6+}$(hex-Cr) known as carc

HVOF;WC-Co;T800;Thermal spray coating;Oxidation and abrasive wear assisted by oxide lubrication;Adhesion;

Nowadays the open-type lead-acid battery for vehicle use is being replaced with the sealed-type because it needs no maintenance and has a longer cycle life. Thus researches on this battery are being conducted very actively by many advanced battery compani

Lead-Calcium;Lead/acid batteries;Grid alloys;Life cycle;Corrosion;

Ni-15at.% W coatings with film thicknesses of 20-40 ㎛ were electroplated on a steel substrate, and their oxidation behavior was investigated at 700 and 800℃ in air. For comparison, a pure Ni coating and a bulk Ni were also oxidized. The Ni-15at.%W coating

Nickel;Tungsten;Coating;Corrosion;Sultidation;Oxidation;Sulfur dioxide;

Bismuth thin films were prepared on glass substrate with RF magnetron sputtering and effects of substrate temperature on surface morphology and their electrical transport properties were investigated. Grain growth of bismuth after nucleation and the onset

Bismuth;Thermoelectric thin film;Sputtering;Hall effect measurement;

The control of internal stress is extremely important in electroforming because of the deliberately low adhesion between the electro form and the mandrel. Excessive tensile or compressive stress can cause distortion, separation problem, curling, peeling o

Nickel sulfamate;Electroforming;Real-time stress sensor;Internal stress;

Tensile properties and hardness of nickel electroform from chloride-free nickel sulfamate electrolyte at 50℃ and PH 4.5 were investigated. Current density varied from 20 to 60 mA/㎠. The deposit thicknesses were 360, 480 and 980 ㎛. It was found in 480 ㎛ th

Nickel electroform;Tensile strength;Yield strength;Ductility;Hardness;

In this study, the reflow characteristics of copper thin films which is expected to be used as interconnection materials in the next generation semiconductor devices were investigated. Cu thin films were deposited on the TaN diffusion barrier by metal org

Reflow;Copper film;TaN Diffusion Barrier;Pattern filling;Giga DRAM;

Nanosized titanium-colloid particles were prepared by sol-gel method. The physical properties, such as thermal stability, crystallite size and crystallinity according to synthesis condition have been investigated by TEM, XRD, SEM, TGA and DTA. In addition

Nanosized titanium-colloid particles;Amorphous;Phoshate complex;Zinc phosphating;Coating weight;

We prepared nickel silicide layers from p-Si(l00)/SiO₂(2000 Å)/poly-Si(700 Å)/Ni(400 Å) structures, feasible for gates in MOSFETs, by annealing them from 500℃～900℃ for 30 minutes. We measured the color coordination in visible range, cross sectional micro-

Nickel mono silicide;Gate silicide;Silicides;Color difference;NiSi/sub x/;

Flexible copper clad laminates (FCCL) fabricated by sputtering has advantages in fine pitch etching and dimensional accuracy than previous casting or laminating type FCCL, But its lower adhesion is inevitable technical challenge to solve for commercializi

FCCL;SRPI;CRPI;Tie-coating layer;Peel strength;

ITO/Ni/ITO thin films were deposited on the PET by RF magnetron sputtering. Dependance of the process parameters such as deposition pressure, positions of Ni layer, on the transmittance, reflectance and sheet resistance of ITO/Ni/ITO film were investigate

indium Tin Oxide[ITO];RF Sputtering;Ni;Transmittance;Sheet resistance;

The ICP-CVD (inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition) process was applied to the deposition of $TiB_2$ films. For plasma generation, 13.56 MHz r.f. power was supplied to 2-turn Cu coil placed inside chamber. And the gas mixture of

Titanium diboride;ICP;CVD;

The effect of crystal orientation and microstructure on the mechanical properties of $TaN_x$ was investigated. $TaN_x$ films were grown on $SiO_2$ substrates by ultrahigh vacuum unbalanced magnetron sputter deposition in m

TaN;Sputtering;Lamellar;Stress;Hardness;

ITO-Al-ITO multi-layers were deposited at room temperature by RF magnetron sputtering on polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The films were deposited at various pressures of $8 imes10^{-4},;1 imes10^{-3},;4 imes10^{-3},;8 imes10^{-3};and;1 imes10^{-2}$

ITO;Al;PET;RF magnetron sputtering;Optical transmission;Sheet resistance;

A real-time monitoring of ICP(inductively coupled plasma) assisted magnetron sputtering of MgO was carried out using a QMS(quadrupole mass spectrometer), an OES(optical emission spectrometer), and a digital oscilloscope with a high voltage probe and a cur

Plasma display panel;MgO;Inductively coupled plasma;Sputtering;

This study investigated the effect of nitriding on the hardness and adhesion properties of $TiB_2$ coatings. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was used for both nitriding and deposition. By applying ICP, H13 steel was nitrided at a high rate of

Inductively coupled plasma[ICP];Plasma nitriding;

We enhanced the color of blue sapphires and rubies successfully by using a oxygen-propane torch flame annealing, which had not been employed so far. We confirmed that about 1 mm-thick de-coloring of the corundum samples were available with 60 minutes flam

Blue sapphire;enhancement;Oxygen torch;Heat treatment;Tone;

We investigate the reaction stability of cobalt and nickel with side-wall materials of $SiO_2;and;Si_3N_4$. We deposited 15nm-Co and 15nm-Ni on $SiO_2(200nm)/p-type$ Si(100) and $Si_3N_4(70 nm)/p-type$ Si(100). The samples

Cobalt nickel silicide;Composite silicide;Side-Wall material;

Quaternary Ti-Cr-Si-N coatings were synthesized onto steel substrates (SKD 11) using a hybrid method of arc ion plating (AIP) and sputtering techniques. For the Syntheses of Ti-Cr-Si-N coatings, the Ti-Cr-N coating process was performed substantially by a

Ti-Cr-Si-N;Microstructure;Sputtering;AIP;

Cr-Si-C-N coatings were deposited on steel substrate (SKD 11) by a hybrid system of arc ion plating (AIP) and sputtering techniques. From XRD, XPS, and HRTEM analyses, it was found that Cr-Si-C-N had a fine composite microstructure comprising nano-sized c

Microstructure;Mechanical property;Cr-Si-C-N;Hybri coating system;

Ternary Ti-B-C coatings were synthesized on WC-Co and Si wafers substrates by a PECVD technique using a gaseous mixture of $TiCl_4,;BCl_3,;CH_4,;Ar,;and; H_2$. The effects of deposition variables such as substrate temperature, gas ratio, $

PECVD;Ti-B-C coatings;Nanocomposite;Microstructure;Depositon temperature;

In this paper, CdS thin films, which were widely used as a window layer of the CdS/CdTe and the $CdS/CuInSe_2$heterojunction solar cell, were grown by chemical bath deposition, and the structural, optical and electrical properties of the films

CBD[Chemical bath deposition];CdS;Reaction temperature;Window layer;

Low temperature plasma treatment with different gases and rf powers were performed to improve the adhesion strength between polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) and electroless deposited copper. According to the research, $H_2$ plasma having hydrogen

Low temperature plasma;PTFE;2-step treatment;Electroless Cu;Surface polarity;Surface roughness;Adhesion;

SKD 11 steel has been widely used for tools, metallic mold and die for press working because of its favorable mechanical properties such as high toughness and creep strength as well as excellent oxidation resistance. The ion nitrided tool steel containing

Ion nitriding;Oxidation;Corrosion;SKD 11;

CrSiN coatings of stepwise changing Si concentration were deposited on stainless steel by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBM) system. Microstructure of the films due to the Si concentration is measured by XRD. The corrosion behavior of Cr

EIS;CrN;CrSiN;Si;

ZnO films were produced on the Si(100) and sapphire(0001) wafers by RF magnetron sputtering in terms of processing variables such as substrate temperature and RF power. The stress in films was obtained from the Stoney`s formula using a laser scanning devi

Stress;ZnO thin films;R.F. magnetron sputtering;

Highly conductive and transparent in the visible region tin-doped indium oxide(ITO) thin films were deposited on Corning glass by r.f sputtering. To achieve high transmittance and low resistivity, we examined various parameters such as r.f power and depos

Trgnsparent conducting oxide;ITO;Sputtering;R.F power;Deposition time;

Nickel-iron nanocrystalline alloys with different compositions and grain sizes were fabricated by electro-plating for MEMS devices. The iron content of the deposits was changed by varying the nickel/iron ion ratio in the electrolyte. X-ray diffraction (XR

Electroplating;nickel-iron alloy;Nanocrystalline;Grain size;Internal stress;Hardness;Roughness;

Carbon nanotube-copper composite structures were fabricated using composite plating method and their field emission characteristics were investigated. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) synthesized by chemical vapor deposition were used in the present

Corbon nonofube-Copper structures;Composite plating;Emitter;Field emission;

Surface characteristics of HA(hydroxyapatite) coated dental implant alloy by Sol-Gel method were investigated using potentiostat, ICP, SEM, EDX, EPMA and surface roughness tester. Surface roughness of HA coated specimen by Sol-Gel showed higher than that

Sol-Gel method;Hydroxyapatite;Corrosion Resistance;Dental Implant Alloy;Surface Roughness;

Chemical vapor deposition technique has been used to grow epitaxial SiC thin films on Si wafers using tetramethylsilane(TMS) precursor. The films were observed to grow along (110) direction of 3C-SiC at $800^{circ}C$. The quality of the films w

Nanocrystalline film;Siiicon carbide;SiC;LPCVD;TMS;

Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) thin films were deposited from various target densities ($98.7\%~99.6\%$) using RF magnetron sputtering. Effect of the sputtering target densities on the structural, electrical and optical properties of deposited ITO thin

ITO thin films;Transparent semiconductor;Sputtering;Target density;Characterization;

The quaternary ZrCrAIN nanocomposite thin films are synthesized by Closed-Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUBMS). Microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrCrAIN nanocomposite thin films are studied. Grain refinement of ZrCrAIN nanocomposite t

ZrCrAIN;Nanocomposite;CFUBMS;

Indium zinc oxide (IZO) thin films were deposited on glass substrate by dc magnetron sputtering. The effects of oxygen flow rate and deposition temperature on electrical and optical properties of the films were investigated. With addition of small amount

indium zinc oxide;Transparent conductive oxide;Sputtering;Electrical transport properties;Transmittance;

Highly c-axis oriented Zinc oxide (ZnO) films were successfully deposited at room temperature by oxygen ion-assisted pulsed filtered vacuum arc. The effect of oxygen gas ratio ($O_{2}/O_{2}+Ar$ on the preferred orientation, surface morphology a

ZnO film;Pulsed vacuum arc;Oxygen gas ratio;Electrical property;Rllm-temperature deposition;

Nickel amalgam was Prepared by the electro-deposition with mercury cathode in a modified Watts bath. Homogeneous nickel amalgam was obtained. The fluidity of the amalgam decreased gradually with increased nickel quantity and become solid finally. Nickel p

Nickel Amalgamation;Watts bath;Mercury cathode;Electro-deposition;Sub-micron size nickel;

Nitriding treatments were conducted on tool steel (SKD 61) at a temperature of $500^{circ}C$ for 5 hr using high vacuum direct current (DC) plasma, with ammonia and argon as source gases. The structural and compositional changes produced in the

Plasma nitriding process;SKD 61;Hardness test;Wear test;

In this work a multi-layered nanostructured TiAIN/CrN superlattice coatings was synthesized using closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering method and the relationships between their superlattice period (1), micro-structure, hardness and elastic modulu

TiAIN/CrN thin films;Superlattice;Nono-indentotion test;Oxidation;High temperature wear test;Unbalanced mognetron sputterings;

Novel continuous electroforming process equipped with a rotating patterned mandrel, soluble/insoluble anode and multiple stage of rolling wheels was proposed to produce precision nickel mesh, which is known as a very efficient electromagnetic interference

Precision nickel mesh;continuous electroforming;Rotating mandrel;

Pb-Free Technology was born with environmental problems of electronic component, Being connected by big and small project of every country. Also, in each country environment is connected and various standards of IEC, ISO, MIL, JIS, KS, JEDEC, EIAJ etc. Al

Pb-free;Solder plating;Joint;finishing surface;Reliability;Pb free solder;

Electrochemical characteristics of welded stainless steels containing Ti have been studied by using the electrochemical techniques in 0.5 M $H_2SO_4$+0.01 M KSCN solutions at $25^{circ}C$. Stainless steels with 12 mm thick-ness conta

Intergranular corrosion;Welded zone;Heat affected zone;Repassivation[Ir];

In this study, ion nitriding of a EHA pump part made of AISI 4340 steel was performed under different applied power conditions to study the relationship between dimensional changes of specimens and the type of applied power source. Microstructures and mic

Ion nitriding;Bipolar power supply;EHA [Electro Hydrostotic Actuator];TiN PVD coating;High speed wear test;

Effects of Al and Cr alloying elements on the corrosion behavior of Fe-Al-Cr alloy system was investigated using potentiodynamic and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests(CPPT) in the $H_2SO_4$ and HCI solutions. The corrosion morphologies

Fe-Cr-Al Alloy;Potentiodynamic test;CPPT;SEM;EDX;Corrosion;pitting ond repassivation potention;

MoS$_2$-Ti films were deposited on SKD-11 tool steel substrate by a D.C. magnetron sputtering system. The influence of deposition parameters on the adhesion of the films was investigated by the scratch test. Crosssection morphology was evaluate

MoS$_2$-Ti film;D.C. Magnetron sputtering;Adhesion;Hardness;

The enhancement of adhesion for Cu film on polycarbonate (PC) surface with the $Ar/O_2$ gas plasma treatment and dc-bias sputtering was studied. The plasma treatment with this reactive mixture changes the chemical property of PC surface into hy

Cu adhesion;Surface modification;Polycarbonate;Surface roughness;DC-bias sputtering;

The deposition rate, the current efficiency and surface morphology of trivalent Cr deposits were investigated according to additives in sulfate bath and current density. The deposition rate of the Cr deposits plated from the formic acid complexed bath was

Trivalent chromium;Electrodeposits;Surface morphology;Deposition rate;

Copper electroforming process has been applied to duplicate Koryo Tripitaka (Taejang`kyong), wooden printing block. Thin copper replica printing plates of 1 mm thickness was successfully manufactured from the printing face (54.5${ imes}$25.5 cm

Copper electroforming;koryo Tripitaka 〔Taejangkyong〕;Silicon rubber;Sivering;Printing plate;Replica;

The effect of trace metallic additives on microstructure, surface appearance and hardness of zinc electrodeposits was investigated by using sulfate bath and flow cell system. The preferred orientation of Zn deposit with Fe additive was (103)(104)+(002) mi

Zn electrodeposit;Microstructure;Metallic additives;Glossiness;

Hardness and internal stress are very important in nickel electroforming. Nickel sulfamate bath has been widely used in electroforming because of its low internal stress and moderate hardness. Nickel sulfamate bath without chloride was chosen to investiga

Nickel sulfamate;Hardness;Internal stress;Electroform;Sodium naphthalene trisulfonate;

In this study, we investigated the fatigue characteristics of silane-treated aluminum/CFRP composite material. Three different specimens of cracked aluminum, cracked aluminum repaired with CFRP patch, and silane-treated aluminum repaired with CFRP patch w

Composite patch;Fatigue crack growth;Silane treatment;

Austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 was nitrided in a low-pressure RF plasma using pure nitrogen. With a treatment of time of 4.0h at $400^{circ}C$, the nitrogen-rich layer on the sample was $3mu extrm{m}$thick and had a hardness of

RF plasma nitriding;Austenitic stainless steel;AISI 304;Expanded austenite;

The oxidation behavior of Ti-Nb alloys was studied in dry atmosphere. After vacuum arc melting and hot rolling treatment, Ti-Nb alloys were oxidized at $450^{circ}C$∼$750^{circ}C$. The oxidation behaviors between matrix and oxide sca

Titanium;Niobium;Oxidation;Biomaterials;Microstructure;

Cryogenic characteristics of austenitic stainless steel based on 304 steel with nickel and nitrogen were investigated at room temperature and $-196^{circ}C$. The alloys were fabricated by vacuum arc furnace and cold working after homogenization

Cryogenic characteristics;Vacuum arc furnace;Stability of $delta$-Ferrite;Tensile strength;Elongation;

The technology of $C_{60}$ fullerite films preparation by means of gas-phase deposition and structure of fullerite films are described. A three-channel flow plant was used to obtain fullerite films. The films were deposited in the flow of inert

Gas-phase deposition;C$_{60}$ films;C$_{60}$-Cu-J films;

Nickel chloride coated protein chip plate was developed by using a spin coating method. The ability of histidine tagged protein adsorption was investigated at various solvents. The surface of plate has a large aggregated nickel complex with high density i

Protein chip plate;Sol-gel methods;NiCl$_2$ Film;His-tagged;

Chromium-carbon (Cr-C) and chromium-carbon-phosphorus (Cr-C-P) alloy deposits using trivalent chromium sulfate baths containing potassium formate were prepared to study their current efficiency, hardness change and phase transformations behavior with heat

Chromium-carbon;Chromium-carbon-phosphorus;Amorphous;Trivaient chromium bath;

Effect of potassium formate, glycine and oxalic acid in a sulfate solution on the deposit composition and current efficiency of trivalent chromium plating was studied. The trivalent chromium layers prepared by solutions with potassium formate, glycine and

Trivalent chromium;Sulfate bath;Potassium formate;Glycine;Oxalic acid;Current efficiency;

The current efficiency and the microstructure of the trivalent Cr deposits plated in flow cell system were investigated according to additives in sulfate bath and current density. The current efficiency of the deposits plated in the formic acid complexed

Trivalent Cr electrodeposit;Current efficiency;Microstructure;

The effect of trace metallic additives on microstructure, glossiness and hardness of Zinc electrodeposits was investigated by using sulfate bath and flow cell system. The preferred orientation of Zn deposits with Mg-Fe additives was (10$ell$)+(

Zn electrodeposit;Metallic additives;Microstructure;Glossiness;

The corrosion of pure titanium (CP- Ti Grade 2) and titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V ELI) were studied under various conditions of simulated body fluids. The static immersion test and the electrochemical test were performed in accordance with ISO 10271 : 2001. For

Corrosion;Titanium;Implant;Immersion;Electrochemical;Passivation;

In order to develop the corrosion and wear resistance of stainless steels, effects of plasma-nitriding on the surface characteristics of stainless steels containing Nb were investigated by utilizing a potentiostat. It was found that plasma nitriding at

Plasma-nitriding;Corrosion and Wear Resistance;Pitting Potential;

Effects of alloying elements on the surface characteristics of Fe-38Al intermetallic compounds were investigated using potentiostat. The specimens were casted by the vacuum arc melting. The subsequent homogenization and the stabilization led to the homoge

Fe-38 at.%Al Intermetallic Compound;Surface Characteristics;DO$_3$ Structure;Pitting Corrosion;

This study surveys the microscopic wear of CVD TiN coatings in repeated sliding, using the SEM Tribosystem as in-situ system. According to the research, the depth of wear groove and the specific wear amount are changed by the transition of the microscopic

Microscopic wear;Wear mode;Specific wear amount;SEM tribosystem;CVD TiN coating;

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is widely used to make a transparent conducting film for various display devices and opto-electric devices. In this study, ITO films on glass substrate were fabricated by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) assisted dc magnetron sputte

Indium tin oxide (ITO);Inductively coupled plasma (ICP);Sputtering;

Ti-Al-N ($Ti_{75}$ $Al_{25}$ N) and Ti-Al-Si-N ($Ti_{69}$ $Al_{23}$ $Si_{8}$N) coatings synthesized by a DC magnetron sputtering technique were studied comparatively with respect to phase characteriza

Oxidation;Ti-Al-Si-N;Ti-Al-N;Coatings;Nanocomposite;

ITO thin film was deposited on the glass by RF magnetron sputtering. Dependance of the process parameters such as thickness, target-to-substrate distance, substrate temperature and oxygen partial pressure on the transmittance and electrical resistance of

Indium Tin Oxide (ITO);RF Sputtering;Process parameters;Transmittance;Sheet resistance;

Polycrystalline silicon thin films were deposited by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) assisted magnetron sputtering using a gas mixture of Ar and $H_2$ on a glass substrate at $250^{circ}C$. At constant Ar mass flow rate of 10 sccm,

Polycrystalline silicon;ICP magnetron sputtering;

MgO thin films were reactively deposited using an internal inductively coupled plasma assisted sputtering method varying reactive gas ratio to get stoichiometric film composition, and bipolar dc substrate bias to suppress micro arcs. The minimum frequency

Plasma display panel;MgO;Inductively coupled plasma;Sputtering;

The size and number of nano-size defects of thin trivalent chrome layers were determined by small angle neutron scattering (SANS) without breaking the thin chrome layers. Most of defect size of the trivalent chromium prepared in this test conditions is in

Chromium-carbon;Trivalent chromium bath;Small angle neutron scattering;

Hard chromium coating technology using hexavalent chromium bath is widely used in various industries. Because of the serious health and environmental problems of hexavalent chromium, many attempts to alternate the hexavalent chromium plating have been mad

Trivalent chromium;Hard chromium coating;Cr-C;

Plasma Display Panel is a display device emitting fluorescent light from gas discharge between a front and a rear panel sealed together. Front and rear panel have multitude of film layers and barrier ribs in the rear panel has the largest area so releasin

POP- Rib;QMS;TDS;Outgas;

Gallium or sulphur additions in $CuInSe_2$ were prepared using RF magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser deposition respectively. All of the observed thin films shows a chalcopyrite structure with the S and Ga addition increases the favourable (

Ga;S addition;CuInSe$_2$;Solar cell;

Seedlayers with low surface energy which increases the density of nucleation sites in the initial growth region of the recording layer deposited on them was studied to reduce grain size in recording layer. The seedlayer with low surface energy was so effe

Groin size;Surface energy;Nucleation sites;Seedlayer;Ni-Fe-O intermediate layer;Co-Cr-Ta-Pt recording layer;

Molybdate chemical conversion coating layer formed on EGI has been studied in view of corrosion resistance, surface morphologies, and phases formed. It was found that coating layer consists of$ MoO_3$, $MoO_2$, Mo oxides having lower

Molybdate;Chromate;Chemical conversion cooling;EGI;Corrosion resistance;

The influence of the boron content on the various properties of Ni-B alloy films produced by electrodeposition was investigated. The considerable reduction in grain size was observed with increasing boron content. The internal stress was tensile and incre

Ni-B;Electrodeposition;Ni$_3$B;Codeposited boron;Hardness;Wear resistance;

We fabricated protein chip plates coated with silane carboxylate. The silane compound was immobilized by hydrogen bond and/or other chemical bonds on the surface of the plate. The plates were then prepared by binding $Ni^{2+}$ to surfaces term

Protein chip;Nicke;His-tagged protein;Silane;

A new ion beam extraction system is designed using a simple ion mass filter and a micro mass balance and a QMS based detecting system. A quadrupole Mass Filter is used for selective ion beam formation from inductively coupled high density plasma sources w

QMS;Inductively coupled plasma;Ion beam;Etch;

The residual stresses on the surfaces of low carbon 12Cr steels used as a nuclear steam turbine blade material have been studied by controlling the flame hardening surface treatments. The temperature cycles on the surfaces of 12Cr steel were controlled pr

Surface treatment;Flame hardening;12Cr steel;Hardness;Residual stress;Martensitic transformation;

Cavitation erosion properties of the Cu-9Al-4.5Ni-4.5Fe alloys (Al-bronze) surface-modified by flame quenching process have been investigated. After flame quenching at above $T_{eta}$, the surfaces of Al-bronze with $alpha$ + $

Cavitation;Al-bronze;Pump impeller;Erosion;Flame quenching;Surface treatment;Martensite;

A palladium-nikel(Pd-Ni) alloy composite membrane has been fabricated on microporous nickel support formed with nickel powder. Plasma surface treatment process is introduced as pre-treatment process instead of HCI activation. Pd coating layer was prepared

Porous nikel metal support;Pd-Ni alloy hydrogen membrane;Plasma surface treatment;Electro plating;Sputtering deposition;

Effects of HA and TiN coating on the electrochemical characteristics of Ti-6AI-4V alloys for bone plates were investigated using various test methods. Ti-6AI-4V alloys were fabricated by using a vacuum induction furnace and bone plates were made by laser

Electrochemical characteristics;Bone plates;Active current density;Pitting potential;

Calcareous deposits are the consequence of pH increase of the electrolyte adjacent to metal surface affected by cathodic current in seawater. It obviously has several advantages over conventional coatings, since the calcareous deposit coating is formed fr

Electrodeposit films;Electrodeposition technique;Natural seawater;Mg[OH]$_2$;CaCO$_3$;Aragonite;Brucite;Calcite;

High strength steels such as transformation induced plastic steel, dual phase and solid solution Hardening have been developed and continuously improved due to the intensified needs in the automotive industry. But silicon and manganese in transformation i

High strength;Zinc;Electrodeposition Nickel;Si;Mn;Enrichment;

The requirements of getting spring steel with higher fatigue strength have been increased to achieve the weight reduction of a vehicle. As the possible increment in fatigue strength by using the conventional shot peening treatment is found to be limited,

Warm Shot Peening;Compressive Residual Stress;Spring Steel;Fatigue Strength;Fatigue Life;

This paper describes a three-dimensional transient finite element model for a laser cladding process. In the model, an adaptive finite element technique is used for dilution control. Using the proposed finite element model, the effects of process paramete

Laser cladding;Dilution;Finite element modeling;

A dense palladium-nikel (Pd-Ni) alloy composite membrane has been fabricated on microporous nickel support mixed with submicron/micron nickel powder instead of mesoporous stainless steel support. Plasma treatment process is introduced as pre-treatment pro

sus316 support;Pd-Ni alloy hydrogen membrane;Electro plating;Plasma surface treatment;Porous Ni metal support;

The defects of partial denture frameworks are mainly shrinkage porosity, inclusions, micro-crack, particles from investment, and dendritic structure. In order to investigate a good casting condition of partial denture frameworks, the three casting alloys

Dental casting allay;Corrosion behavior;Partial denture;Centrifugal;High Frequency induction;Vacuum pressure;

Electric Conductivities of $LaCl_3$-LiCl binary melts have been measured by the Kohlausch bridge method over the range of their liquidus temperatures to about 1200 K. The electric conductivity increases with the content of LiCl for all over the

Electric conductivity;LaC $l_3$-LiCl binary melts;Kohlausch bridge method;Molar conductivity;Complex ion of LaC $l_{4}$$^{-}$;

Extensive efforts have been made in an attempt to utilize photocatalytic properties of $TiO_2$ in visible range. $TiO_2$ and TiO-N thin films were made by the DC reactive magnetron sputtering method at $300^{circ}C$. Vario

Photocatalysis;TiO$_2$;TiO-N;Hysteresis;Discharge voltage characteristics;Optical absorption spectrum;

Vertically-aligned and uniformly-distributed CuO nanowires were formed on copper-coated Si substrates by wet chemical process, immersing them in a hot alkaline solution. The effects of hydrogen plasma treatment on the field emission characteristics of CuO

Nanowire;CuO;Field emission;Hydrogen plasma treatment;

Fe thin films containing Si particles were prepared on metallic substrates by electrodeposition method in sulfate solutions and the content of codeposited Si particles in the films was investigated as a function of applied current density, the content of

Fe thin film;Fe-6.5 wt%Si sheet;Co-deposition Electroforming;Electrophoretic deposition;

Deposit charateristics of Electroless nickel(EN) were investigated with various complexing agents. As expected, the deposition rate of nickel is increased with pH and that of Phosphorous is decreased with pH. The result of SEM investigation shows that the

Electroless nickel deoposit;Complexing agent Citrate;acetate;Lactic;Succinate;Glycolic acid;

Bath stabilizers in the electroless nickel(EN) plating solution are known to prevent sudden bath decomposition and extend its lifetime. Further, every stabilizer has a different role and function in EN solution and it influences the surface structure. In

Electroless Nickel Plating;Stabilizer;Bath decomposition;Deposit charateristics;Surface morphology;

Emulsions were formed through putting small quantity of nickel electroplating solution into supercritical carbon dioxide, and then electroplating in the $sc-CO_2$ emulsions was conducted. It is an environmental-friendly technology that can solv

Supercritical;Carbon Dioxide;$CO_2$;Electroplating;Emulsions;Environment;Ultrasonic force;

Stress corrosion cracking(SCC) characteristics of shot-peened stainless steel containing Ti (0.09 wt%-0.92 wt%) fabricated by the vacuum furnace were investigated using SCC tester and potentiostat. The homogenization and the sensitization treatment were c

Shot-peening;Stress Corrosion Cracking;Stainless Steel;Pitting Corrosion;Intergranular Corrosion;

Ti$_3$SiC$_2$ material was synthesized via the powder metallurgical route, and oxidation tested between 900 and $1200^{circ}C$ in air for up to 100 hr. The oxidation of $Ti_3$$SiC_2$ material resulted

Ti$_3$SiC$_2$;Oxidation;Ti$_3$;SiC$_2$;

In general, the microstructure in thin films was known to evolve in similar manner according to the energy striking the condensing film at similar homologous temperature, Th for the materials of the same crystal structure. The fundamental factors affectin

Thin film;Stress;Microstructure;Heat treatment;

Plasma polymerized organic thin films were deposited on Si(100), glass and metal substrates at $25∼100 ^{circ}C$ using thiophene and toluene precursors by PECVD method. In order to compare physical and electrochemical properties of the as-grown

Organic polymer film;PECVD;Corrosion protection ability;Plasma polymerization;

Thin films of ZrO$_2$ and TiO$_2$ were deposited on Si(100) substrates using RF magnetron sputtering technique. To study an influence of the sputtering parameters, systematic experiments were carried out in this work. XRD data show t

ZrO$_2$ and TiO$_2$ thin films;RF magnetron sputtering;Phase transition;Deposition parameter effects;

This short communication reports on the experiment which demonstrates that superhard nanostructured films with hardness of about 40 GPa and greater can be composed not only of two or more nanocrystalline and/or amorphous phases of different materials, as

Mo-Al-N film;Hardness;Structure;Grain size;Mixture of grains;

Pulsed magnetron sputtering of graphite target was employed for deposition of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films. Time-resolved probe measurements of magnetron discharge plasma have been performed. It was shown that the pulsed magnetron discharge plasma dens

Diamond-like carbon;Graphite;Pulsed magnetron sputtering;Low-voltage bias;

Effects of additives and plating conditions of high speed electroplating were investigated. The Sn content in electrodeposit was highly decreased with increasing current density from $10A/dm^2$ to $50A/dm^2$, and the current efficien

Stannic oxide;Tetravalent tin;Gallic acid;Carbon content;

Hot-dip galvanizing process is used widely in industry to achieve corrosion resistant coatings. Poor drainage during this process often leads to problems such as icicle formation and bridging In this work, mild steel specimens were hot-dip galvanized. Inf

Hot-dip galvanizing;Bismuth;Drainage;Zinc consumption;

This paper will present an overview of toxicity of hexavalent chromium as well as effort for its replacement by a wide spectrum of alternative materials and technologies. Cr-based materials such as trivalent electrodeposit will be one of strong candidates

Chromium plating;Hard chromium;Replacement;Alternative coating;

Zinc phosphating for cold forming of steel was studied with emphasis on decreasing phosphating temperature. To lower phosphating temperature, some techniques, such as adding Cu ion into bath, using activator in the form of pre-dip, and aeration in bath, i

Zinc phosphating;Accelerator;Aeration;Cold forming;Lubricating properties;

The atmospheric pressure plasma is regarded as an effective method for surface treatments because it can reduce the period of process and doesn`t need expensive vacuum apparatus. The performance of non-transferred plasma torches is significantly depended

Non-transferred plasma torch;Cold plasma;Swirl effect;Plasma distribution;

The corrosion failure of electronic devices has been a major reliability concern lately. This failure is an ongoing concern because of miniaturization of integrated circuits (IC) and the increased use of polymers in electronic packaging. Recently, plasma-

Corrosion;Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD);Cyclohexane film;

$WC-Ti_{1}$ -xA $l_{x}$ N multilayered coatings are performed by their periodically repeated structures of lamellae of WC-Ti/$WC-Ti_{1}$ -xA $l_{x}$ Nmaterials. The $WC-Ti_{1}$ -xA $l_{x}$

GDOES;Potentiodynamic polarization test;Localized corrosion;

By utilization of preceramic polymer of polymethylsiloxane (PMS), a $MoSi_2$SiOC/SiC ceramic composite was fabricated. The prepared composite displayed superior high temperature oxidation resistance by forming $SiO_2$ on the surface.

Polymethylsiloxane (PMS);MoSi$_2$;SiC;Si;SiO$_2$;Oxidation;

Corrosion characteristics of Ti, Ti/Cr coated and plasma-nitrided surface for stainless steel containing Ti have been studied. Stainless steels containing 0.09-0.92wt% Ti were fabricated by using vacuum furnace and solutionized for 1hr at $1050^{circ

Oxidation;Lolor-titanium products;Anodizing oxidation process;

The diffusion coefficient of Xe-133 was obtained from an annealing test. The specimens were made from a UO$_2$ single crystal powder with natural enrichment. Weight and grain size were 300mg and ($23mu extrm{m}$, respectively. Oxyge

Oxygen Potential;Fission Gas;Difusion Coefficient;Annealing Test;

Quaternary Ti-Al-Si-N films were deposited on WC-Co substrates by a hybrid deposition system of arc ion plating (AIP) method for Ti-Al source and DC magnetron sputtering technique for Si incorporation. The synthesized Ti-Al-Si-N films were revealed to be

Ti-Al-Si-N;Superhardess;Nanocomposite;Hybrid deposition system;

Ti-Si-N coating layers were deposited onto WC-Co substrates by a hybrid system of arc ion plating (AIP) and sputtering techniques. The tribological behaviors of Ti-Si-N coating layers with various Si contents were investigated by the dry sliding wear expe

Hybrid coating system;Ti-Si-N;friction coefficient;Wear;

Ti - Si - N hard films were deposited on SKD11 steel substrates by a hybrid deposition system, where TiN was deposited by AIP method while Si was incorporated by sputtering one. The microstructure of Ti-Si-N films was revealed to be a composite of TiN cry

Ti-Si-N;Hybrid deposition system;Superhardness;

Alloys of Ti-43%Al-2%W-0.1%Si were oxidized isothermally and cyclically between $900^{circ}C$ and$ 1050^{circ}C$, and their oxidation characteristics were studied. During isothermal tests, the alloys oxidized slowly up to 100$0^

Titanium aluminide;Tungsten;Silicon;High-temperature oxidation;

The difference in lattice parameter and thermal expansion coefficient between GaN and Si which results in many defects into the grown GaN is larger than that between GaN and sapphire. In order to obtain high quality GaN films on Si substrate, it is essent

Gallium nitride (GaN);Aluminum nitride (AlN);Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD);Semiconductor;Transmission electron microscopy (TEM);

Silicon carbide thin film was deposited in APCVD and LPCVD system with 1,3-DSB precursor 1,3-DSB is the single precursor to deposit SiC on Si at low temperature. SiC film was deposited at $850^{circ}C$ lower than ordinary temperature ($100

SiC;CVD;precursor;

Short ($ au$=40 $mutextrm{s}$) and high-voltage ($U_{sub}$=2~8 kV) negative substrate bias pulses were used to assist pulsed magnetron sputtering DLC films deposition. Space- and time-resolved probe measurements of the pla

Diamond-fike carbon;Graphite;Pulsed magnetron sputtering;High-voltage bias;

The effect of the temperature, current density and deposit time on hard chromium deposition in trivalent chromium bath was investigated. Cathode current efficiency increased with increasing current density. Increasing bath temperature from $20^{circ}

Trivalent chromium;Current efficiency;Deposit thickness;Hardness;Surface morphology;

In order to investigate the effects of pulse plating conditions on the electrodeposition of trivalent chromium, electroplating experiments from bath with low concentration of trivalent chromium were performed. The variation of current efficiency of chromi

Electroplating;Pulsed current;Trivalent chromium;

The purpose of solder plating on chip external electrode is to provide a proper solderability to chips on PCB`s. The quantitative or qualitative analysis of solderability has been performed by destructive methods, reflow or flow. Evidently, the solderabil

MLCC;CVS;Solderability;

New lubricant film of organic and inorganic composite resin was developed to improve the press formability of galvannealed steel sheets (GA) for automotive body panels. The frictional coefficient of lubricant GA steel sheets is about 20% superior to that

Frictional coefficient;Weldability;Degreasability;Phosphating;

Cyclic sweep voltametry was performed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of heavy metal ions and the organic additives in surface finishing process. And electrolysis using parallel plate electrode electrolyzer was carried out to simulate the trea

frictional coefficient;Weldability;Degreasability;Phosphating;

Polarization measurements were peformed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of copper ions and limiting current density in waste rinse water from copper electroplating processes. A newly designed cyclone type electrolyzer was tested to recover the

Polarization measurement;Electroplating;Waste rinse water;Cu powder;Cu$_2$O;

Thermoelectric p-type $Fe_{0.98}$ $Mn_{ 0.02}$$Si_2$ bulk specimens have been produced by mechanical alloying and consolidation by vacuum hot pressing. The subsequent isothermal annealing was not able to fully transform th

Iron silicide;$eta$-FeSi$_2$;Mechanical alloying;Thermoelectric;Phase transformation;Oxidation;

Effects of plasma nitriding on the surface characteristics of tool steels have been investigated using wear tester, micro-hardness tester and scanning electron microscope (SEM) Commercial SKD 11 and SM45 alloy were used as specimens and were plasma nitrid

Plasma nitriding;Surface dnaracteristics;Wear resistance;Hardness;

Trends in microelectronics packages such as low cost, miniaturization, high performance, and high reliability made area array interconnecting technologies including flip chip, CSP (Chip Scale Package) and BGA (Ball Grid Array) mainstream technologies. Und

Undefill technology;Flip chip;Chip scale package;Ball grid array;Underfill materials;

Boron-Carbon-Nitrogen (B-C-N) system is an attractive ternary material since it has not only an extremely high hardness but also a number of other prominent characteristics such as chemical inertness, elevated melting point, and low thermal expansion. In

BCN thin films;Corrosion behavior;Magnetron sputtering;Immersion test;

SiC nanorod was synthesized directly on Si substrate using hexamethyldisilabutane and Fe catalyst with (111) direction. Fe acted a liquid catalyst at growth condition. Grown SiC nanorod has about 30nm diameter and $5{mu}m$ length. SiC nanorod g

SiC;Nanorod;VLS;HMDS;CVD;Fe;

Electrodeposition of Ni was carried out on copper substrate from Ni Sulfamate bath by DC and high frequency pulse current. During the electroplating, bath temperature was steady $60^{circ}C$ , agitation was applied. Morphology and surface rough

Pulse Ni plating;frequency;duty cycle;Leadframe;

With increasing environmental demands in surface treatment of steel sheets, the passivation layers containing hexavalent chromium $(Cr^{+6})$ are being replaced by non-chromium or trivalent chromium compounds. After review on the various types

Cr-free passivation;zirconate;ammonium zirconium carbonate(AZC);sodium lexafluorozirconate (SFZ);cathodic dichromate(CDC);tinplate;

The current efficiency and the composition of Zn-Cr and Zn-Cr-X (X : Co, Mn) alloy electrodeposits were investigated by using chloride bath with EDTA auditive and flow cell plating system. The current efficiency of Zn-Cr alloy decreased with increasing cu

Zn-Cr;Zn-Cr-X;Electrodeposits;Current efficiency;

Optimal conditions of electroless nickel plating in acid baths has been studied for industrial applications of a developed EN solution. The phosphorus content in the deposition ranges from 8 to $12;wt.\%$. The investigated EN plating parameters

Electroless Ni-P;Hypophosphite;Plating conditions;Metal turnover;

Mild steel and zinc specimens were tested in five atmospheric testing sites of Vietnam in order to collect the corrosion databank as well as to study the corrosion mechanism in tropical conditions, in period of 1997-2000. The results obtained showed that

Tropical conditions;Corrosion databank;Corrosion rate;Time of wetness;Sulfur dioxide;Salinity;Durability;

Electrochemical techniques were used to study the surface treatment for improving the pitting corrosion resistance of 304L stainless steel by inhibitors in chloride medium. Sodium molybdate (in concentration range : 0.005-80 g/l) , sodium nitrite (in conc

Surface treatment;Pitting corrosion;Inhibitor;Inhibition efficiency;Corrosion resistance;Electrochemical technique;

In this study, the prediction on the quality of tools after coating process has been investigated. Under different coating conditions, cutting resistances have been obtained and analyzed with a tool dynamometer to provide optimized coating conditions. The

Cutting Resistance;Tool Dynamometer;Neural Network;Taguchi Method;

Many steam turbine components encounter solid particle erosion damage. It has been reported that particle erosion damage is caused by oxide scale exfoliation from boiler tubes. One of the most effective solutions to combat the erosion damage is the applic

erosion;boride;steam turbine;

Extended cylindrical magnetron sputtering system with rotating 600-mm long and 90-mm diameter graphite cathode and pulsed power supply voltage generator were developed and fabricated. Time-dependent Langmuir probe characteristics as well as carbon films t

Pulsed magnetron sputtering;Probe measurements;DLC films deposition;

Multilayered WC-Ti/suv $1-x/Al_{x}$ N coatings were deposited on AISI D2 steel using cathodic arc deposition (CAD) method. These coatings contain structural defects such as pores or droplets. Thus, the substrate is not completely isolated from

Porosity;packing factor;Galvanic corrosion;Localized corrosion;Droplet;

Salt spray, CASS(copper accelerated acetic salt spray) and EC(electrolytic corrosion) tests were performed in order to evaluate the corrosion resistance of plated Ni and Ni-Cr layers on Fe substrate. Compared with the conventional methods such as salt spr

Salt spray;CASS;EC;Corrosion potential;Rating number;

The effect of additives such as complexing agents, stabilzers and boric acid on the bath stability and the deposition rate of electroless black Ni-Zn plating has been examined. The deposits obtained became black and showed an amorphous structure. The sign

Black Ni-Zn;Electroless plating;Additives;Deposition rate;Stability;

This study was made on the crevice corrosion behavior of chromium plating in fresh water. Under the various crevice, the electrochemical polarization test of chromium plating was carried out. Results are discussed In terms of corrosion potential, polariza

Chromium plating;Crevice corrosion;Corrosion potential;Corrosion current density;Polarization resistance;

The high-temperature oxidation behavior of Ti39Al-10V alloy that consisted primarily of $eta$-Ti, ${gamma}$-TiAl, and $alpha_2$ $-Ti_3$Al phases was studied. The relatively thick and porous oxide scales formed

TiAl;intermetallics;Oxidation;Vanadium;