The Korean Society of Surface Science and Engineering

Anodic oxidized $TiO_2$ nanotube arrays are promising materials for application in photoelectrochemical solar cells as the photoanode, because of their attractive properties including slow electron recombination rate, superior light scattering,

Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells;Nanotube electrodes;Counter electrodes;

Metal-halide perovskite (MHP) solar cell is a promising candidate for next-generation flexible devices and the BIPV (Building-integrated photovoltaics) because it can exhibit high power conversion efficiencies over 23%, good bendability and low processing

Perovskite Solar Cells;Solution Shear Coating;Film Growth;Crystallinity;

The structural change of DLC coatings during long-term wear test and dicing test under the low loading condition was investigated. DLC coatings were applied for the precision injection molds of a modified SNCM steel for the extension of life and the micro

Diamond-like Carbon(DLC);Wear;Raman Analysis;ID/IG;Structural Change;

Electrolytic corrosion of the ship`s hull can be occurred due to stray current during welding work using shore power and electrical leakage using shore power supply. The electrolytic corrosion characteristics were investigated for Al5083-H321 through pote

Aluminum alloy;Electrolytic corrosion;Current density;Seawater;

In this study, we investigated the effects of anodizing time, dyeing treatment time, and variations in coloring concentration on the color of an AA5052 alloy processed by dye-treated anodizing. The outward color of the anodized film changed to deep red ac

Dye-treated anodizing;AA5052;Anodizing time;GD-OES;

Electrodeposited zinc layer is widely used as a sacrificial anode for a corrosion protection of steel. In this study, we modified the surface of electrodeposited zinc to have a hydrophobicity, which shows various advanced functionalities, such as anti-cor

Zinc Electrodeposition;Nanostructure;Lubricant;Hydrophobicity;

The environmental pollution which is global warming and abnormal climate is caused by increasing population and activated economics. To reduce environmental pollution, we have being efforts into reducing $CO_2$ emission and use of energy, resou

Electronic Heating;Mu-Cell;Injection Mold;Surface Characteristics;Automotive Part;

Stability and activity of boron doped diamond (BDD) electrode are key factors for water treatment. In this study, BDD electrodes were prepared on various substrates such as Nb, Si, Ti, and $TiN_x/Ti$ by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (H

Boron-doped diamond;$TiN_x$ interlayer;HF-CVD;Wastewater treatment;Potential window;

The aim of this study is to quantitatively demonstrate the possibility of heat transfer by thermal radiation by comparing heat transfer by conventional heat transfer and radiation by radiation. 1) The heat transfer was measured by using filler of TIM mate

Thermal Interface Material (TIM);Thermal resistance;Thermal bypass;Emissivity;Thermal conductivity;

Al1050 and Al7075 alloy specimens were exposed to atmospheric conditions for 24 months and analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy to characterize their corrosion behavior and oxide film characteristics, especially focusing on intergranular corrosion

Aluminum alloys;Atmospheric corrosion;Intergranular corrosion;TEM;

To study the characteristics of AC driven OLED, we fabricated the fluorescent OLEDs and analyzed the electroluminescence characteristics of OLEDs with AC negative voltage. The luminance and the current density of the OLED decreased, and the number and siz

OLED;Alternating current;Negative voltage;Reverse aging;Dark spot;

Chloride baths for electrodeposited Ni thin films were fabricated by dissolving metal Ni powders with the mixed solution consisting of HCl and de-ionized water. Current efficiency, residual stress, surface morphology and microstructure of Ni films with th

$^{63}Ni$ sealed source;Electrodeposition;Current efficiency;Residual stress;Microstructure;

We fabricated durable anti-reflective(AR) layer with silica globular coating on polymer by two steps. Firstly, nano-protrusions of polymer were formed by plasma etching known as R.I.E(reactive ion etching) process. Secondly, silica globular coating was de

Durability;Anti-Reflection(AR);Silica nanoparticle;RF Magnetron Sputter;

Methylammonium lead bromide ($MAPbBr_3$) has attracted a lot of attention due to their excellent optoelectronic properties such as the compositional flexibility relevant to photoluminescence (PL) and UV-Vis absorbance spectrum, high diffusion l

$CH_3NH_3PbBr_3$;$SnCl_2$;photoluminescence;lead-free;

Magnesium and its alloys are prone to be corroded, thus surface treatments improving corrosion resistance are always required for practical applications. As a surface treatment of magnesium alloys, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), creating porous stab

Hydrophobic;Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Magnesium alloy;Corrosion;

As an anti-corrosion method in seawater, cathodic protection is widely recognized as the most effective and technically appropriate corrosion prevention methodology for marine structures against harsh corrosive environment. When applying the cathodic prot

Pulse electrodeposition process;Calcareous deposit films;Aragonite crystal structure;Seawater;

Chromium was coated on a steel substrate by the Cr(III) electroplating method, and corroded at $500-900^{circ}C$ for 5 h in $N_2/0.1%H_2S-mixed$ gas to study the high-temperature corrosion behavior of the Cr(III) coating in the highl

Chromium;carbon;electroplating;$H_2S$ corrosion;oxidation;

In this study, surface porosity and corrosion resistance of PEO coatings prepared on the 6061 Al alloy were investigated in terms of sodium phosphate ($Na_3PO_4$) concentrations in an alkaline solution and $NaAlO_2$ sealing. The surf

6061 Al alloy;Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Sodium phosphate;$NaAlO_2$ sealing;

With recent demand for the renewable energy resources, we conducted a research on the energy conversion and storage device of supercapacitor. The hybrid graphene-zinc oxide(GZO) electrodes for the supercapacitors (SCs) were fabricated and investigated. To

Graphene;Graphene oxide;Hydrogen;Supercapacitor;Rapid thermal annealing;

In this study, the cobalt sulfide (CoS) nanosheet on stainless steel as a supercapacitor electrode is synthesized by using a facile successive ionic layer adsorption reaction (SILAR) method. The number of cycles for dipping and rinsing can control the nan

Cobalt sulfide (CoS);Supercapacitor;Successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR);

In this work, PEO (Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) film formation behavior of Al6061 alloy was investigated as a function of applied current density of AC at 310 Hz in the range from $120mA/cm^2$ to $300mA/cm^2$ in 0.5 M $Na_2SiO

Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Oxide film;Al6061 alloy;Current density;

Transparent and conductive ZnO/Ag/SnO2 (ZAS) tri-layer films were deposited onto glass substrates at room temperature by using radio frequency (RF) and direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. The thickness values of the ZnO and $SnO_2$ thin f

$ZnO/Ag/SnO_2$;Optical and electrical properties;Figure of merit;XRD;AFM;

The carbon electrode was modified through manganese-catalyzed hydrogenation method for high energy density vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). During the catalytic hydrogenation, the manganese oxide deposited at the surface of the carbon electrode stimula

Vanadium Redox Flow Battery;Carbon Electrode;Manganese oxide;Porous surface;

Electroless Ni-P coatings are widely used in the chemical, mechanical, and electronic industries because of their excellent wear and abrasion resistance. In this study, The influence of pH values on properties of Ni-P-PTFE composite coatings was investiga

PTFE;Electroless deposition;Ni-P;Composite;Harness;Morphology;Corrosion Resistance;

Durability of instrument is one of the most important factor to ensure accurate treatment and decrease failure for the orthopedic surgical operation. Normally, a set-screw driver tip has been processed with hard coating for their higher durability and wea

Pedicle screw system;Orthopedics;TiN;DLC;Mechanical test;

We have developed a numerical model to analyze flow dynamics and heat transfer characteristics of the cooling water in a circular rotating magnetron cathode by a moving boundary grid method realized in a commercial multiphysics package, CFD-ACE+. The nume

heat transfer analysis;numerical modeling;rotating magnetron;CFD-ACE+;

The demands to improve the performance of the vanadium redox flow battery have attracted an intense research on modifying the carbon-based electrode. In this study, the surface of graphite felt was reformed, using cobalt oxide. The cobalt oxide was implan

Vanadium redox flow battery;Graphite felt;Porous surface;Active site;

Electroless Ni-P coatings are widely used in the chemical, mechanical, and electronic industries because of their excellent wear and abrasion resistance. In this study, the effect of $TiO_2$ particles of composite coating was investigated. To i

Titanium dioxide;Electroless deposition;Ni-P;Composite;Harness;Morphology;Corrosion Resistance;

A systematic investigation was made on the influence of processing parameters such as gas composition and treatment temperature on the surface characteristics of hardened layers of low temperature plasma nitrided 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel. Various n

plasma nitriding;corrosion resistance;austenitic stainless steel;S phase;hardness;

In this work, anodizing behavior of 6xxx series aluminum alloys was studied under constant current density and constant voltage conditions in 20% sulfuric acid solution by V-t curves, I-t curves, thickness measurement, observations of surface appearance a

Hard Anodizing;Anodic Oxide Film;Aluminum Alloys;Sulfuric Acid Anodizing;

Optical thin films were deposited by using a reactive pulsed DC magnetron sputtering method with a high density plasma(HDP). In this study, the effect of sputtering process conditions on the microstructure and optical properties of $SiO_2$,

antireflection film;Pulsed DC magnetron sputtering;multi-layer optical thin film;$SiO_2$ film;$Nb_2O_5$ film;

Mo-N based coatings have been studied for enhancing mechanical characteristics of thin films. In the case of Mo-X-N coatings, the microstructure and mechanical properties can be affected by the addition of the third element. In this work, Mo-Cu-N coatings

Mo-Cu-N;Cu content;Sputtering;Nanocomposite coating;Thin film;

The formation behavior of zinc phosphate conversion coating (ZPCC) on SCM430 alloy was investigated in 25 vol.% of 1M ZnO + 170 ml/L solution containing various $Fe(NO_3)_2$ concentrations, using open-circuit potential(OCP), electrochemical imp

Chemical Conversion Coating;SCM430 Alloy;phosphating;$Fe(NO_3)_2$ concentration;

To increase the throughput of tip-based nanolithography (TBN), one approach is to use a large array of such tips working in parallel. It is important to maintain co-planarity between the tip array and the writing surface. A slight misalignment can cause l

capacitive;leveling;lithography;arrayed tip;polymer pen;

Nano-multilayered $Cr_{25.2}Al_{19.5}Si_{4.7}N_{50.5}$ films were deposited on the steel substrate by cathodic arc plasma deposition. They were corroded at $900^{circ}C$ in $Ar/1%SO_2$ gas in order to study their corrosion

CrAlSiN thin film;Cathodic arc plasma deposition;$SO_2$ corrosion;Oxidation;

Fe-9Cr-2W steels were corroded at $600-800^{circ}C$ for up to 100 hr in ($Na_2SO_4-K_2SO_4-Fe_2O_3$)-($CO_2-0.3%SO_2-6%O_2$) mixed gas. The poor condition samples formed thick oxide scales that consisted primarily of

High Temperature corrosion;$CO_2$;$SO_2$;Oxidation;Sulfidation;

Assembling heterostructures by combining dissimilar oxide semiconductors is a promising approach to enhance charge separation and transfer in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. In this work, the CuO nanorods array/$Cu_2O$ thin film bil

Copper oxide;Oxide heterostructure;photoelectrode;Photoelectrochemical water oxidation;Hydrogen production;

Formation behavior of PEO (Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) films on AZ31 Mg alloy was investigated under application of 310 Hz AC as a function of $Na_3PO_4$ concentration from 0.02 M to 0.2 M. Film formation voltage and in-situ observation of a

$Na_3PO_4$ Concentration;PEO film;AZ31 Mg Alloy;Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation;Anodic oxide;

Anodization is widely used to enhance the properties of aluminum, such as hardness, electric resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance etc. But these properties can be enhanced with additional process. According to the partial crystallization

Aluminum;Sulfuric acid anodizing;heat treatment;

MCrAlY overaly coatings are used as oxidation barrier coatings to prevent degradation of the underlying substrate in high temperature and oxidizing environment of the hot section of gas turbines. Therefore, oxidation resistance in high temperature is impo

Vacuum plasma spraying;Thermal barrier coatings;Cyclic oxidation;Thermally grown oxide;

Transparent and conducting titanium doped indium oxide (TIO) thin films were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on zinc oxide (ZnO)-coated glass substrates to investigate the effect of the ZnO buffer layer on optical and electrical properties of TIO/ZnO

ZnO;TIO;Magnetron sputtering;Hall effect;Figure of merit;

Quasi-nano-hardness and corrosion behaviors of neutron-irradiated reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels such as 15Ch2MFA (Ni<0.4, 2.5

Reactor pressure vessel steels;Nano-hardness;Corrosion;Neutron irradiation tests;

We investigated a correlation between morphology and photoelectrochemical properties of TiO₂ nanotubes fabricated by well-controlled anodization processes. Anodization in an ethylene-glycol-based electrolyte solution accelerated the rapid grow

$TiO_2$ nanotube;Anodization;Photoelectrochemical properties;

Titanium (Ti) doped indium oxide (In₂O₃) films were deposited on glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering and the films were rapid thermal annealed at 100, 200, and 300℃, respectively to investigate the influence of the rap

TIO;Magnetron sputtering;XRD;AFM;Figure of merit;

The use of a silicon carbide (SiC)-based composite ceramic layer for the mold of a curved cover glass was demonstrated. The stress of SiC/VDR/graphite-based mold structure was evaluated via finite element analysis. The results revealed that the maximum te

SiC;VDR;CVD;mold;curved cover glass;composite ceramic;

The effect of boronizing on mechanical properties including wear behavior and hardness of Inconel 625 superalloy were investigated. The cross-section observation demonstrated that boronized samples were composed of multi-phase boride layer (Cr_x

Ni-based superalloy;Boronizing;Mechanical properties;Surface modification;

Triso-type coating layers of silicon carbide and graphite on UO₂ paticulate nuclear fuel were prepared by using fluidized bed type chemical vapor deposition and self-propagating high temperature synthesis methods to make a coated nuclear fuel o

Multi-layer coating;SiC/C;Particulate nuclear fuel;

The microporous carbon derived from PVDC-resin by a simple heat-treatment under an inert atmosphere exhibits a reasonable specific capacitance for a supercapacitor`s electrode. However, the capacitance was rapidly decreased at high charge/discharge rate.

Micropore;Mesopore;Supercapacitor;PVDC-resin;$Mg(OH)_2$;Hard template;

Organometal halide perovskite materials have attracted much attention in the photovoltaic and light emitting devices due to the compositional flexibility with AMX₃ formula (A is an organic amine cation; M is a metal ion; X is a halogen atom). T

Metal halide perovskite;Ball milling;Metallic cation substitution;Optical properties;

Titanium nitride(TiN) thin films have been deposited on PEN(Polyethylene naphthalate) substrate by reactive RF(13.56 MHz) magnetron sputtering in a 25% N₂/Ar mixed gas atmosphere. The pulsed DC bias voltage of -50V on substrates was applied wit

$TiN_x$;RF reactive sputtering;Pulsed substrate DC Bias;XPS depth profile;

In this study, the effect of mechanical polishing of carbon steel on the tribological properties of manganese phosphate coating on carbon steel has investigated. The microstructure, surface morphology and chemical composition were analyzed by SEM, EDS, an

Manganese Phosphate coating;Tribology;Morphology;Corrosion Resistance;Mechanical Polishig;

We investigated a synthesis yield and diameter distribution of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with respect to the growth position in a horizontal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber. Thin films and line-patterned Fe films (0.1 nm thickness) we

Single-walled carbon nanotubes;Synthesis yield;Diameter distribution;Chemical vapor deposition;Substrate Position;Raman scattering spectroscopy;

Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-Cr-TiC alloys have a shape memory property, recovering initial shape by heating. With an aim to improve a durability and stability of building and infrastructure, this Fe-based shape memory alloy (FSMA) can be employed to reinforce concrete st

Shape Memory Alloy;Concrete;Corrosion;Ferrous Alloy;

Anodic oxidation treatment of metals is one of typical surface finishing methods which has been used for improving surface appearance, bioactivity, adhesion with paints and the resistances to corrosion and/or abrasion. This article provides fundamental pr

Anodic oxidation treatment;Anodizing;Anodization;Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Surface treatment;

Hydrophobic and Superhydrophobic surfaces are promising technology for the surface finishing of metallic materials due to its water-repellency. Realization of highly water-repellent surface on aluminum and its alloys provides various functionalities for r

Anodic Oxide;Nanoporous Structure;Aluminum;Hydrophobicity;

The $Cu_2(btc)_3$ metal-organic frameworks (MOF) coated anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane was successfully prepared by layer-by-layer technique using hand spray method. It was confirmed that the $Cu_2(btc)_3$ layer, which has the

AAO;Membrane;Anodization;MOFs;Layer-by-layer;

In the present work, we demonstrate the feasibility to form large inner diameter $TiO_2$ nanotubes by anodization of Ti in a HF/ethylene glycol electrolyte. In order to achieve the large inner diameter $TiO_2$ nanotubes, optimization

Large diameter;$TiO_2$;Nanotubes;Anodization;Ti surface treatment;

Steel crucible used for molten Al has a problem of very limited lifetime because of the interaction between Fe and molten Al. This study was performed to improve the lifetime of steel crucible for molten Al by coating metallic Al and by further anodizing

Steel crucible;Fracture behavior;Al coating;Anodizing;

The light-weight of the research and development materials is actively carried out by overseas automobile companies and technology development continues in Korea. For the sake of fuel efficiency, the development of lightweight technology by improving the

Mu-Cell;Injection Mold;Surface Improvement;Automotive Part;

Sn-based lithium-ion batteries have low cost and high theoretical specific capacity. However, one of major problem is the capacity fading caused by volume expansion during lithiation/delithiation. In this study, 3-dimensional foam structure of Cu-Sn alloy

Electrodeposition;Cu-Sn alloy;3D-foam;Lithium ion battery;Anode;

Plasma Nitriding treatment was performed on STS 204Cu stainless steel samples at a temperature of $400^{circ}C$ for 15 hours with varying $N_2$ content as 10%, 15% and 25%. Regardless of the content of $N_2$, S-Phase which

S-Phase (Expanded Austenite Phase);Pitting corrosion;Surface hardness;Plasma nitrocarburizing;Corrosion resistance;

Sulfamate plating solution containing a small amount of chloride bath was fabricated to study the properties of the electrodeposited Ni thin films. Effects of the changes of current density and additive concentration on current efficiency, residual stress

Electrodeposition;Electroforming process;Additive;Micro-blade;Ni thin film;

This paper examines various definitions of the fourth industrial revolution and its influence on typical market demands and manufacturing methods. And this study reviewed the policies of the major global competitors in preparedness for the fourth industri

The Fourth Industrial Revolution;Machine Learning;Customering;Glocalization;

We systematically investigated the optical properties of sub-micron sized methylammonium lead tribromide ($CH_3NH_3PbBr_3$) cubes in the range of 100 to 700 nm, which were prepared by a surfactant-free precipitation method. We found that despit

$CH_3NH_3PbBr_3$;Methyl ammonium lead bromide;Luminescence;

Various sealing techniques were applied to the anodized 5083 aluminum alloy for marine environment to reduce corrosion and cavitation erosion damage. Electrochemical experiments and cavitation erosion tests were conducted to evaluate the corrosion resista

Anodizing;Sealing treatment;Corrosion;Cavitation erosion;Seawater;Aluminum alloy;

Recently, many types of constructional steels have been often exposed to under severe corrosive environments due to acid rain with increasing environmental contamination. In order to inhibit their corrosion in severe corrosive environments, a painting met

Acid rain;Environmental contamination;Anti-corrosive paint;Impedance;Osmotic pressure;Salt concentration;Coated steel plate;Bare steel plate;

Fe-2 wt.%Ni alloys were fabricated by metal powder injection molding, and their oxidation behavior at $600-700^{circ}C$ for 30 h in air was studied in order to find the effect of the small addition of Ni in the iron matrix on the high-temperatu

Fe-2%Ni steel;Metal powder injection molding;Oxidation;

The Na low temperature gettering in $SiO_2/PSG/SiO_2/Al-1%Si$ and $SiO_2/TEOS/SiO_2/Al-1%Si$ multilevel thin films was investigated using dynamic SIMS(secondary ion mass spectrometry) analysis. DC magnetron sputter, APCVD and PECVD t

Na;gettering;passivation;dynamic SIMS;

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) is a commonly used material for the front contact layer of chalcopyrite $CuInGaSe_2$ (CIGS) based thin film solar cells since it satisfies the requisite optical and electrical properties with low cost

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide;Radio frequency magnetron sputtering;Thin films;Transparent conductive oxide;Polarization test;

SnS thin films with different substrate temperatures ($150 {sim}300^{circ}C$) as process parameters were grown on soda-lime glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The effects of substrate temperature on the structural and optical properti

SnS thin film;Absorber layer;RF Magnetron sputtering;Substrate temperature;Solar cell;

Plasma devices such as jets, pencils, and torches have been developed as new tools that help penetration of target agents and applied to plasma medicine. However, these devices cannot be used in a large area. Therefore, we introduced a flexible plasma dev

Flexible plasma;Penetration;Reactive oxygen species;Reactive nitrogen species: Polysaccharide;Agarose gel;

In this study, surface analysis of Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloys with addition of Ti and Mo for dental CAD/CAM use has been researched experimentally. The surface characteristics of the alloys were examined by Vickers hardness test, bonding strength test, surfac

Dental alloy;Porcelain bonding strength;Sintered Ni-13Cr alloy;Sintered Co-30Cr alloy;

The corrosion and strength degradation characteristics of 1.25Cr-0.5Mo steels were studied under $650^{circ}C$ in $76%N_2+6%O_2+16%CO_2+2%SO_2$ gas condition up to 500 hrs. Corroded specimens were characterized by weight gain, scanni

1.25Cr-0.5Mo steel;High-temperature;$SO_2$ gas;Corrosion;Strength degradation;

The anodic $TiO_2$ layers which are prepared in various anodization conditions exhibit their specific color depending on the thickness of $TiO_2$. In this study, the relationship between the color of $TiO_2$ layer, which i

Anodization;Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Titanium oxide layer;Quantifying of anodic $TiO_2$;Spectrophotometer;Chromameter;

In this study, we have fabricated pure titanium (Ti)/hydroxyapatite (HA) double layer coating on medical grade PEEK from magnetron sputtering system, an investigation was performed whether the surface can be had more improve bio-active for orthopedi/denta

PEEK;Magnetron sputtering system;Hydroxyapatite;Pure Titanium;Nano-indentation;

In this paper, effects of potassium permanganate, pottasium dichromate, sodium molybdate on lean duplex stainless steel were studied by GDOES, OCP, potentiodynamic curves. The stainless steels were chemically passivated in each nitric acid solutions conta

GDOES(Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy);OCP(Open Circuit Potential);Potentiodynamic curves;Chemical surface treatment process;Oxidant;Salt Spray Test;

In this study, Ni and tungsten carbide (WC) nanoparticles are simultaneously synthesized with the mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (CNP) using a solution plasma processing (SPP) in the benzene. The Ni and WC nanoparticles were formed through the sputtering

Fuel cell;Oxygen reduction reaction;Solution plasma process;

Dopant-free silicon heterojunction solar cells using Transition Metal Oxide(TMO) such as Molybdenum Oxide($MoO_X$) and Vanadium Oxide($V_2O_X$) have been focused on to increase the work function of TMO in order to maximize the work f

dopant-free silicon heterojunction solar cell;wafer resistivity;inversion layer;solar cell characterization;work function;

The self-annealing which leads evolution of microstructure in copper electroplating layers at room temperature occurs after forming deposition layer. During the process, crystal orientation, size and sheet resistance of plating layer change. Lastly, it ca

self-annealing;electrodeposition copper foil;evolution of microstructure;crystal orientation;incorporated impurities;

Dynamic nano-indentation method was applied to characterize thin electroformed Ni-P layers. The Ni-P layers were produced in a sulphamic acid bath at $50^{circ}C$ in $0.02A/cm^2$ for 10-60 minutes. The chemical analyses by XRD and ED

Ni-P deposit;Dynamic nano-indentation method;

Permalloy($Ni_{80}-Fe_{20}$) which is known for its soft magnetic properties is a well-known material that has been studied intensively. Permalloy nanoflakes were fabricated with the combination of electrodeposition and sonication process. Ultr

Permalloy;Electrodeposition;Nanosheet;Sonication;Magnetic property;

Not only efficiency of chlorine evolution reaction (CER) but also durability namely service life is very important property in dimensional stable anode for Ballast Water Management System (BWMS) for marine ships. Many researchers have been focused on impr

Ballast Water Management System (BWMS);DSA electrode;Chlorine evolution reaction;$TiO_2$ oxide layer;

Stainless steel grade 430 with a composition of Fe-17%Cr was corroded in $Na_2SO_4$ and ($Na_2SO_4+NaCl$) salts at 800 and at $900^{circ}C$ for up to 20 h. It corroded mainly to $Cr_2O_3$, along with a small amo

Stainless steel;Hot corrosion;$Na_2SO_4$ salt;NaCl salt;

In this study, we proposed a new ultrasonic-chemical decontamination process for decontaminating radioactive corrosion products during the maintenance of reactor coolant pump (RCP). The actual decontamination process was reproduced in the laboratory. And

Reactor coolant pump;Chemical decontamination;Stainless steel;Corrosion damage;

In this study, Mg films were prepared on hot dip aluminized steel (HDA) by using a sputtering method as a high corrosion resistance coating. The corrosion resistance of the Mg films was improved by controlling the morphology and the crystal structure of f

Mg film;physical vapor deposition;hot dip aluminized steel;corrosion resistance;

We report p-type electrical characteristics of the amorphous $La_2NiO_{4+{delta}}$ thin films which were sputtered on the glass substrates using an RF sputtering system. As-deposited thin films at room temperature and $300^{circ}C$ w

Lanthanum nickel oxide;thin film;amorphous;RF magnetron sputtering;p-type;

We report on the fabrication and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of a ZnO nanorod array structure as an efficient photoelectrode for hydrogen production from sunlight-driven water splitting. Vertically aligned ZnO nanorods were grown on an indium-ti

Zinc oxide;Nanorod;Hydrothermal synthesis;Photoelectrochemical water splitting;Hydrogen production;

All solid state thin film batteries with two types of cell structure, Pt / $LiCoO_2$ / LiPON / Cu and Pt / $LiCoO_2$ / LiPON / $LiCoO_2$ / Cu, are prepared and their electrochemical performances are investigated to evaluat

All solid state thin film battery;Lithium plating;$LiCoO_2$;LiPON;Cu;

High temperature and low temperature gaseous nitriding was performed in order to study of the surface hardening and wear properties of the nitrided AISI 410 Martensitic stainless steels. High temperature gaseous nitiridng (HTGN) was carried out using part

Gaseous nitridng;Martensitic stainless steels;AISI 410;Surface hardening;Wear properties;

Cesium lead halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have recently emerged as highly promising opto-electronic materials. Despite the relative facile anion exchange reactions in cesium lead halide perovskite QDs, in depth study of the anion exchange reactions

Cesium lead halide;Quantum dots;Anion exchange;Surface;

Ag-coated Cu dendrites were prepared as a filler for an electromagnetic interference shielding application. Ag layers on the Cu dendrites was coated by two approaches. One is a direct autocatalytic plating with a reducing agent. The other approach was ach

Electromagnetic interference shielding;Ag-coated Cu particle;Galvanic displacement;

The effects of activator ion on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of $LaNbO_4:RE^{3+}$ (RE = Dy, Dy/Sm, Sm) phosphors were investigated. X-ray diffraction patterns exhibited that all the phosphors showed a monoclinic system

Phosphor;Photoluminescence;Doping;

In this study, Pd-Ni-Ag alloy hydrogen separation membranes were fabricated by Pd/Ag/Pd/Ni/Pd multi-layer sputter deposition on the modified MIM(Metal Injection Molding)-PSS(Porous Stainless Steel) support and followed heat treatment. Nickel, used as an a

Pd-Ni-Ag alloy hydrogen separation membrane;Sputter multi-deposition;Surface Ni composition;Hydrogen perm-selectivity;Porous stainless steel;

In this study, we carried out an ultrasonic-chemical decontamination process with immersion type, reproduced in the laboratory. The corrosion damage characteristics, depending on kind of materials and ultrasonic process time, were investigated. Inconel 60

Chemical decontamination;Ultrasonic process;Corrosion damage characteristics;STS 316;Inconel 600;

The important drawback of hardware fasteners consisted of 304 stainless steel (STS) is a frequent galling caused by a combination of friction and adhesion between the sliding surface. To improve the anti-galling effect, Sn-Al coatings by a thermal diffusi

Thermal diffusion coating;Tin-Aluminum;Anti-galling;Stainless steel;Pack cementation;

Currently hydrofluoric acid (HF) based glass etch method is widely used for anti-glare (AG) surface treatment since it can effectively alleviate the specular reflection problem with relatively low processing cost. However, due to the environmental regulat

Anti-Glare (AG);Haze;Sand Blast;Modeling;Response Surface Model (RSM);

The purpose of this study is to assess the mechanical properties of the ceramic abutment with washer. In this study, ceramic abutment were used, tested with $30^{circ}$ compression load, shear fatigue, adaptation accuracy test(rotation angle, c

Ceramic abutment;Washer;Implant;Mechanical strength;Screw loosening;

Harsh seawater environment is subdivided into marine atmosphere, splash zone, tidal zone, submerged zone and bottom of sea depending on the exposed part. Since corrosion rate depends on the conditions of the exposed parts, proper protection and maintenanc

Shiwha lake;Water level fluctuation;Corrosion properties;Corrosion of steel;

Calcium carbonate($CaCO_3$) films were formed by an eco-friendly electro-chemical technique on steel substrates in synthesized distilled water solutions containing $NaHCO_3$, $CaCl_2$ and $MgCl_2$ with different

Calcium carbonate films;Calcite;Aragonite;Electro-chemical process;

Alkaline oxygen electrocatalysis, targeting anion exchange membrane alkaline-based metal-air batteries has become a subject of intensive investigation because of its advantages compared to its acidic counterparts in reaction kinetics and materials stabili

Solution Plasma;B and N doped nanocarbon;Oxygen reduction reaction;Catalyst;

The present study investigated the effect of heat treatment process on the surface wettability of an Al-Si-Mg alloy. After solution-treated at $525^{circ}C$ and aged at $160^{circ}C$, the alloy showed high hardness due to the formati

Aluminum alloy;Heat treatment;Wettability;Contact angle;

Plasma electrolytic oxidation of Ti-25Ta-xHf alloy in electrolyte containing Ca and P for dental implants was investigated using various experimental techniques. Ti-25Ta-xHf (x=0 and 15 wt.%) alloys were manufactured in an arc-melting vacuum furnace. Micr

Micropore;Ti-25Ta-xHf;Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Crystallite size;Anatase;

NaCl-induced hot corrosion behavior of ASTM T22 (Fe-2.25Cr-1Mo), T91 (Fe-9Cr-1Mo), T92 (Fe-9Cr-1.8W-0.5Mo), 347HFG (Fe-18-Cr-11Ni), and 310H (Fe-25Cr-19Ni) steels was studied after spraying NaCl on the surface. During corrosion at $600-800^{circ}C$

Fe-Cr steel;Stainless steel;Hot corrosion;NaCl salt;

A facile method to fabricate freestanding CuO nanoleaves and CuO nanowires-based films was demonstrated. $Cu(OH)_2$ nanoleaves and nanowires were prepared by a hydrolysis reaction in aqueous solution including pyridine and NaOH with the tailore

$Cu(OH)_2$;CuO;Nanoleaves;Nanowires;Freestanding;

1D core-shell nanostructures have attracted great attention due to their enhanced physical and chemical properties. Specifically, oriented single-crystalline $TiO_2$ nanorods or nanowires on a transparent conductive substrate would be more desi

$TiO_2$;Layered double hydroxide;Core/Shell;Nanowires;Nanosheets;

Anodization techniques are widely used in the area of surface treatment of aluminum alloys because of its simplicity, low-cost and good corrosion resistance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the properties (porosity and thickness) o

anodizing;aluminum alloy;potentiodynamic polarization measurement;corrosion resistance;

In this study, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method was used to from anodic oxide films on Al alloy and their resistance and morphological characteristics were investigated as a function of film formation voltage and treatment time. Cross-sectional

Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation(PEO);Aluminium alloy;Oxide film;Wear resistance;Specific wear rate;

Nanopatterning is one of the essential nanotechnologies to fabricate electronic and energy nanodevices. Therefore, many research group members made a lot of efforts to develop simple and useful nanopatterning methods to obtain highly ordered nanostructure

Nanopatterning;Nano-transfer printing;3D nanostructure;Hybrid structure;

Formation behavior of aluminum anodic oxide (AAO) films on Al6061 alloy was studied in view of thickness, morphology and defects in the anodic films in 20 vol.% sulfuric acid solution at a constant current density of $40mA/cm^2$, using voltage-

Anodic oxidation behavior;Sulfuric acid anodizing;Anodic oxide film;Al6061 alloy;

A metal 3D printer has been developed on its own to electrodeposit the localized area. Nozzles were used to selectively laminate the electrolytic plating method. To analyze the factors affecting the deposition, the stack height, thickness and surface roug

Electrodeposition;Metal 3D Printer;Electrolytic temperature;Current density;

The present study investigated the adhesion and corrosion resistance of subsequent electrophoretic paint (E-paint) on "electroless" paint coated AZ31 Mg alloy, which was formed by immersion of AZ31 Mg alloy in E-painting solution. It was found that with i

Magnesium alloy;E-painting;Electroless;Corrosion;Adhesion;

The possibility of an improvement in heat dissipation performance of aluminum alloy heat sink for shipboard LED luminaries through plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) was investigated. Four different PEO coatings were produced on aluminum alloy 5052 in si

aluminum alloy;plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO);light emitting diode (LED);heat dissipation;

In this study, various electrochemical experiments were carried out to compare the corrosion characteristics of AA5052-O, AA5083-H321 and AA6061-T6 in seawater. The electrochemical impedance and potentiostatic polarization measurements showed that the cor

Electrochemical experiment;Al alloy;Corrosion;Seawater;

Design of novel materials in renewable energy systems plays a key role in powering transportation vehicles and portable electronics. This review introduces the research work of first principles-based computational design for the materials over the last de

Renewable energy;First principles;Surface reactions;Materials genome;Electrocatalysts;

This article reports for the first time on the lateral growth of PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation) films on Al1050 alloy by the application of anodic pulse current in an alkaline electrolyte. Generation of microarcs was observed at the edges initially a

Lateral growth;Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Al1050;Anodic oxide film;Alkaline electrolyte;

This work demonstrates arc generation and anodic film formation behaviors on Al1050 alloy during PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation) treatment under a constant direct current in an alkaline electrolyte containing silicate, carbonate and borate ions. Only

Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Al1050;Direct current;Anodic oxide film formation;Alkaline electrolyte;

The electrodeposition of Ni-Co alloy from a sulfamate bath was investigated. The cobalt content in the Ni-Co deposits is more influenced by the temperature or stirring effect than the current density in the process parameters. As cobalt contents in the Ni

Electrodeposition;Ni-Co alloy foil;Hardness;Strain;Tensile strength;Modulus of elasticity;

Chloride plating solution was fabricated by dissolving metal Ni powders in a mixed solution with HCl and de-ionized water. Effects of $Ni^{2+}$ and saccharin concentrations in the plating baths on current efficiency, residual stress, surface mo

$^{63}Ni$ sealed source;Electrodeposition;Current efficiency;Residual stress;Microstructure;

$TiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, and $TiO_2-Al_2O_3$ nanolaminated films were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on the 316L stainless steel (SS316L) substrates at a temperature of $150^{circ}C$. The growth kinetics of <

Atomic layer deposition;Corrosion resistance;$TiO_2$;$Al_2O_3$;$TiO_2-Al_2O_3$;

The magnesium-base AZ61 alloy was cast while adding 1% CaO powder into the melt. It was hot extruded, and oxidized at $550-650^{circ}C$ in air in order to study its microstructure and oxidation behavior. Initially added CaO powder reacted with

Magnesium;Oxidation;CaO;$Al_2Ca$;Hot Extrusion;

Marcel Pourbaix에 의해 만들어진 Eh-pH 도표는 화학적으로 안정한 상을 pH와 전위 (Potential or Eh)의 관점으로 도시한 것으로서 수용액 내에서 일어나는 화학반응을 부식-방식의 관점에서 이해하데 유용하게 사용되어 왔다. pH (potential of hydrogen)는 수소이온의 농도의 함수이며, Eh는 표준수소전극 (SHE, standard hydrogen electrode) 에 대한 전위를 나타낸다. 수용액에서의 도금 반응

Eh-pH Diagram;Electrodeposition;Electroplating;Acid-Base Reaction;

Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO), especially Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) films are almost prepared by DC magnetron sputtering because of the advantage of obtaining homogeneous large area coatings with high reproducibility. The purpose of this report is descr

Magnetron sputtering;ITO films;Amorphous TCO;Thermoelectric property;

In this work, electrophoretic paint (E-paint) was deposited on AZ31 Mg alloy after four different surface pretreatments: knife abrading, SiC paper abrading, deionized (DI) water immersion and NaOH immersion. The deposition process of E-paint was studied b

Surface pretreatment;AZ31 Mg alloy;E-paint;Deposition;Adhesion;

The carbon steel formed the thick, somewhat porous, loosely adherent iron oxide scale when oxidized at $500-800^{circ}C$ for 15 h in air. It formed the thicker, more porous, nonadherent scale consisting of FeS plus iron oxides in $Ar/1%SO_

Carbon steel;Aluminizing;Oxidation;$SO_2$ corrosion;$H_2S$ corrosion;

The aim of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of electrochemical corrosion with the plasma ion nitriding temperature for 16Cr-10Ni-2Mo stainless steel. The corrosion behavior was analyzed by means of galvanostatic experiment in natural seawa

Stainless steel;Plasma ion nitriding;Galvanostatic experiment;Seawater;Damage depth;

Pd-based membranes have been widely used in hydrogen purification and separation due to their high hydrogen diffusivity and infinite selectivity. However, it has been difficult to fabricate thin and dense Pd-based membranes on a porous stainless steel(PSS

Pd hydrogen separation membrane;Perm-selectivity;Porous stainless steel support;Sputter deposition;Surface treatment;Metal injection molding;

We investigated the effect of graphite electrode geometry and combination on nanocarbon material synthesis using underwater discharge plasma(UDP). The UDP system consists of two graphite electrodes and beaker filled with de-ionized water. A high voltage o

Underwater discharge plasma;Nanocarbon synthesis;Graphite electrode;Electrode geometry;Electrode configuration;Raman scattering spectroscopy;

Bismuth telluride ($Bi_2Te_3$) and its alloys are well-known thermoelectric materials for ambient temperature applications. In this study, the dissolved Bi-Te precursor solution was used to synthesis metallic $Bi_2Te_3$ powder via ul

Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis;Thermoelectric materials;Bismuth telluride;Spherical;Reduction;

Due to the high saturation magnetization (~2.4 T), $Fe_{16}N_2$ is interesting for the thin film application such as an actuator, data record storage and sensor etc. In this study, Fe-N thin films were deposited on Si(001) substrate with variou

DC Magnetron Sputtering;$Fe_{16}N_2$;Magnetic Property;Saturation and Remanence Magnetization;

ZnO nanowires were synthesized and annealed at various temperatures of $500-800^{circ}C$ in oxygen atmosphere to investigate hydrogen gas sensing properties. The diameter and length of the synthesized ZnO nanowires were approximately 50-100 nm

ZnO nanowires;Gas sensor;Annealing;Oxygen atmosphere;

This article introduces how to use potential-pH diagram for the formation of metallic nanoparticles, based upon the data obtained from the experiments. It is important to measure the values of equilibrium potentials of the reactions for the use of potenti

Potential - pH Diagram;Nanoparticle;Thermodynamics;

We investigated configuration of metallic and insulating domains in $VO_2$ thin films, while spanning metal-insulator phase transition. Kelvin probe force microscopy, of which spatial resolution is less than 100 nm, enables us to measure local

$VO_2$;Phase transition;Work function;Kelvin probe microscopy;Percolation;Structural defects;

This research was conducted to investigate the electrochemical properties of the thin air-formed oxide film-covered AZ31 Mg alloy. Native air-formed oxide films on AZ31 Mg alloy samples were prepared by knife-abrading method and the changes in the electro

AZ31 Mg alloy;Air-formed oxide film;Anion effect;Corrosion resistance;

In this study, the effects of the concentration of metal ions and the applied current density in the Sn-Ag plating solutions were examined in regards to the resulting composition and morphology of the solder bumps` surface. Furthermore the effect of any i

Solder bump;Sn-Ag alloy;Electroplating;Stability;Purification;

Ni-Cr-X ternary interlayers were investigated to improve the adhesion of Cu/Ni-Cr/Polyimide flexible copper clad laminates. The ternary compounds are sputtered Ni-Cr-X films (where X is one of Nb, V, Mo, or Ti), and the effect of third elements on the adh

FCCL;Ternary interlayer coating;Ni-Cr-X;Peel strength;

EPIG (Electroless Pd/immersion Au) process was studied to replace ENIG (electroless Ni/immersion Au) and ENEPIG (electroless Ni/electroless Pd/immersion Au) processes for bump surface treatment used in high reliable flip chip packages. The palladium and g

Electroless palladium;Immersion gold;Amorphous;Diffusion;Shear strength;

The properties of electroless Ni-B thin film on diamond powder with different parameters (temperature, pH, surfactant etc.) were studied. The surface morphology, structure and composition distribution of the Ni-B film were observed by field effect scannin

Diamond wire saw;Diamond powder;Electroless deposition;Reducing agent;Complexing agent;Dispersant;Surfactant etc;

In this study, surface morphology and mechanical property of TiN and DLC coated pedicle screw have been investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, vickers hardness test, axial grip

Orthopedic;Pedicle Screw System;TiN;DLC;Mechanical Properties;

A 6-way-cross consisting of a 2.75-inch CF flange was used as a main chamber on a PFEIFFER VACUUM TMP station based on a 67 l / sec turbo molecular pump and a diaphragm pump to produce a magnet array with a volume ratio of 5.5: 1.A 1-inch diameter copper

UBMS(Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering);Sputtering;Ion current density;

Thermal dissipation was investigated for poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) composite films containing graphite and multi wall carbon nanotube(CNT) powders as filler materials. After mixing PMMA with fillers, solvent, and dispersant, the pastes were prepared

Heat dissipation;Thermal conductivity;Emissivity;Graphite;Carbon nanotube;

$BiNbO_4:RE^{3+}$ (RE = Dy, Eu, Sm, Tb) phosphors were prepared by solid-state reaction at $1100^{circ}C$ and their structural, photoluminescent, and morphological properties were investigated. XRD patterns exhibited that all the syn

Phosphor;Photoluminescence;Activator;

$Mg_xNi_yZn_{1-x-y}Fe_2O_4$ ferrite powders were prepared by self-propagating high temperature synthesis followed by classifying with an ultrasonic wet-magnetic separation unit to get high pure nano-sized particles. The $Mg_xNi_yZn_{1-x-y}

Nano-powders;Surface treatment;Wet-magnetic separation;

The K gettering in $SiO_2/PSG/SiO_2/Al-1%Si$ multilevel thin films was investigated using SIMS(secondary ion mass spectrometry) and XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) analysis. DC magnetron sputter techniques and APCVD(atmosphere pressure ch

K gettering;PSG passivation;SIMS depth profile;

ZnO nanotubes were synthesized to investigate the effect of wall thickness on the ethanol gas sensing performance. The wall thickness of the nanotubes was varied from approximately 20 to 60 nm. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and SAED

ZnO;Nanotube;Ethanol;Gas sensor;

The present work addresses how to measure the amount of dissolved aluminum in phosphoric acid, based on volumetric and gravimetric measurements of the precipitates formed by reaction between the $H_3PO_4$ solution containing dissolved aluminum

Dissolved aluminium;Phosphoric acid;Precipitation;Electropolishing;

We demonstrated the thin film deposition of sodium phosphorous oxynitride (NaPON) via RF magnetron sputtering of $Na_3PO_4$, as a solid-state Na-ion conductor similar to lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON), which is a commonly used solid ele

Sodium phosphorous oxynitride (NaPON);RF magnetron sputtering;Ion conductor;Ionic conductivity;Activation energy;

Effects of plating conditions (dispersant concentration, plating time, and ultrasonication) on electroless Cu plating on SiC fabric woven by crossing of SiC continuous fibers vertically were studied. The ultrasonic dispersion treatment not only did not im

SiC fabric;Copper coating;Electroless plating;Ultrasonication;Dispersant;

This study was carried out with solution temperature variables of $75^{circ}C$ and $90^{circ}C$ for STS 304, which is a nuclear equipment material, in order to determine the corrosion damage behavior in chemical decontamination proce

Permanganic acid;Oxalic acid;Chemical decontamination;STS 304;Corrosion damage behavior;

5000 series aluminium alloys and austenitic stainless steels have excellent corrosion resistance and sufficient strength, which are widely used as materials for marine equipment and their parts in the marine environment. The corrosion characteristics of m

Aluminium alloy;Austenitic stainless steel;Anodic polarization;Tap water;Natural seawater;

In this study, the corrosion resistance of Zn-3wt.%Mg coating was enhanced by controlling the density of coating. During the deposition the substrate temperature was controlled via an intermittent deposition process, resulting in the improvement of coatin

Zn-Mg coating;Deposition temperature;Density;Corrosion resistance;

The response of AISI 310 type austenitic stainless steel to the novel low temperature plasma carburizing process has been investigated in this work. This grade of stainless steel shows better corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance

AISI 310 Austenitic Stainless Steel;Plasma Carburizing;Hardness;Corrosion Resistance;

Ferroelectric ceramics are broadly used for various industrial applications. In this research, the lead-free ferroelectric ceramics of $(K_{0.5}Na_{0.5})NbO_3$ was fabricated by using the solid state synthesis. The $(K_{0.5}Na_{0.5})NbO_3$

KNN;Ferroelectric;Ceramic;Dielectric constant;Perovskite;

$Eu^{3+}$- or $Sm^{3+}$-doped $La_2MoO_6$ phosphors were synthesized with different concentrations of activator ions via a solid-state reaction. The X-ray diffraction patterns exhibited that crystalline structures of all t

Phosphor;Photoluminescence;Doping;

Detection of $CO_2$ gas in both indoor and outdoor atmospheres is now becoming an important issue because of greenhouse effect and climate crisis. In this study, gas sensors based on $SnO_2-Cr_2O_3$ composite nanofibers were fabricat

Nanofiber;$CO_2$ gas;Gas sensor;Electrospinning;$SnO_2-Cr_2O_3$;

NiO nanofibers with Au nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel and electrospinning techniques, in which the reduction process by ultraviolet exposure is included for the growth of Au nanoparticles in the electrospinning solution. FE-SEM(Field Emission S

NiO nanofibers;Au nanoparticles;Gas sensor;Carbon monoxide;

The purpose of this study is to investigate the electrical properties of thick-film resistor (TFR) prepared from $CaO-ZnO-B_2O_3-Al_2O_3-SiO_2$ (CZBAS) glass containing $RuO_2$ particles. $RuO_2$-glass composite powder was

Thick-film resistor;$RuO_2$;Oxide glass composite;Sheet resistance;

Anodic film formation behavior of AZ31 Mg alloy was studied as a function of NaOH concentration in 1 M $Na_2CO_3$ + 0.5 M $Na_2SiO_3$ solution under the application of a constant anodic current density, based on the analyses of volta

Anodic oxide film;AZ31 Mg alloy;Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Film defect;

Antireflective pyramid arrays can be readily obtained via anisotropic etching in alkaline solution (KOH, NaOH), which is widely used in crystalline-Si (c-Si) solar cells. The periodic inverted pyramid arrays show even lower light reflectivity because of t

Solar cell;Inverted pyramid;Maskless;Low reflectance;MaCE;

Hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) was studied over $Ni_4Cr$ nanofibers(NFs) prepared by electrospinning method and oxidation/reduction heat treatment for alkaline water electrolysis. The physicochemical and electrochemical properties such as ave

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER);Alkaline water electrolysis;Electrospinning;NiCr nanofiber;

In this study, we evaluated tendency and degree of corrosion damages of Inconel 600 after chemical decontamination treatments under three different conditions. In the decontamination processes, the oxidation and reduction were performed as one cycle. Each

Inconel 600;Chemical decontamination;Corrosion damage;Reduction conditions;

Highly corrosion resistance performance of CrAlSiN coatings were obtained by applying ultrathin $Al_2O_3$ thin films using atomic layer deposition (ALD) method. CrAlSiN coatings were prepared on Cr adhesion layer/SUS304 substrates by a hybrid c

Atomic layer deposition;Corrosion;CrAlSiN hard coatings;Passivation layer;

A double-layered anti-reflective coating with hydrophilic/abrasion-resistant properties was studied using anatase titanium dioxide($TiO_2$) and silicon oxycarbide($SiO_xC_y$) thin film. $TiO_2$ and $SiO_xC_y$ th

Anti-reflection coating;Hydrophilicity;Anatase $TiO_2$;Abrasion-resistant coating;Silicon oxycarbide;

The growth of nanocrystalline diamond films on a p-type poly silicon substrate was studied using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition method. A 6 mm thick poly silicon plate was mirror polished and scratched in an ultrasonic bath containing slurries

Nanocrystalline diamond;Diamond slurry;Ion bombardment;Microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition;Nucleation and growth;

In this study, ion release and biocompatibility of sintered Ni-Cr-Ti alloy for dental prosthodontics have been researched by corrosion and cell culture test. The microstructures of the alloys were observed by optical microscope, and corrosion behavior was

Dental prosthodontics;Ion release;Cell culture;Wettability;Sintered and melted Ni-13Cr-xTi;

Plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO) has attracted attention as a surface treatment which has high wear resistance and corrosion resistance. PEO is generally considered as cost-effective, environmentally friendly and superior in terms of coating performance

Plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO);Hot-dipped aluminized steel(HDA);Current density;Corrosion resistance;

Dry processes like evaporation and sputtering in vacuum chamber are difficult to make a uniform, large area and high quality film on thin PET substrate because of PET degradation and bad adhesion. On the other hand, wet processes like electro or electrole

Ultra-thin multilayers;Mixing process;Flexible substrate;Electromagnetic wave shielding;Electrodeposition;Electroless plating;

Mechanical characteristics of the STS 304 which is heat resistance steel were investigated after artificial aging at $650^{circ}C$ with 1,000 hours. Tensile test specimens and small test pieces were done artificial aging up to 1,000 hours in th

STS 304;Artificial aging;Mechanical property;Degradation;$M_{23}C_6$ carbide;

Two kinds of steels whose compositions were Fe-34.4Cr-14.5Ni-2.5Mo-0.4W-0.4Mn-0.5Si-(0.009 or 0.35)S (wt.%) were centrifugally cast, and oxidized at $900^{circ}C$ for 50-350 h in order to find the effect of sulfur on the high-temperature oxidat

Centrifugal casting;Fe-34.4Cr-14.5Ni-2.5Mo-0.4W-0.4Mn-0.5Si alloy;Sulfur;Oxidation;

The Young`s modulus of a nanoscale titanium (Ti) thin-film was evaluated using a high-speed microcantilever resonating at the megahertz frequency in the present study. A 350 nm thick Ti film was deposited on the surface of a silicon microcantilever, and t

Microcantilever;Resonance testing;Titanium;Thin film;Young`s modulus;

In order to study the AC driving mechanism for OLED lighting, the fluorescent OLEDs were fabricated and the electroluminescent characteristics of the OLEDs by AC forward bias were analyzed. In the case of the driving method of OLED by AC forward bias unde

OLED;Alternating current;Direct current;Forward-bias;Degradation;

In order to study current-voltage-luminance and impedance characteristics according to elapsed time, a blue fluorescent OLED was fabricated. The current density and luminance gradually decreased in accordance with elapsed time and did not emit light after

Organic light emitting display;Fluorescent;Impedance;Elapsed time;

In this paper, two methods of making the Pd-added $SnO_2$ ($Pd-SnO_2$) powder with pure tetragonal phase by the hydrazine method were suggested and compared in terms of crystal structure, surface morphology, and alcohol gas response.

Alcohol gas sensor;Tin oxide;Pd additive;Ink dropping;

Herein, we investigated surface morphological characteristics of anodic films on Al6061 alloy prepared by unipolar pulsed Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in a mixed solution of $Na_2SiO_3$ + KOH. The number and size of pores as well as craters on ano

Micro-arc oxidation;Aluminum;Surface;Uniformity;

Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) film has recently attracted much attention as a key material for the fabrication of various nanostructures. A control of anodizing voltage (U) was employed to render different anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanostructures with por

Three-dimensional (3D) AAO nanostructures;Modulating voltage;Hierarchical alumina nanostructures;

AZ91D casting alloy requires an advanced plasma anodizing processing because large amount of defects are liable to generate during anodization. In this study, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of AZ91D Mg alloy was conducted by the application of either

AZ91D magnesium alloy;Unipolar pulse;Anodic oxidation;Plasma;Ceramic coatings;Corrosion resistance;Surface roughness;

Plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) is a kind of anodization, in which a very high voltage or current is applied to a metal substrate in various electrolytes, allowing distinctly thick thickness of the oxide film with outstanding film properties, such as a

Plasma Electrolytic oxidation;Pretreatment process;Low voltage;Ti;

Al1050 and Al7075 alloy specimens were exposed to atmospheric conditions for maximum 12 months and analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to characterize the early-stage corrosion behavior and thin surface oxide layers. By comparing of oxide f

Aluminum alloys;Atmospheric corrosion;TEM;Pitting corrosion;Intergranular corrosion;

The development of flexible transparent electrode has been paid attention for flexible electronics. In this study, we have developed transparent electrode based on silver nanowires with improved electrical property and stability through ion-beam treatment

Silver nanowire;Ion-beam;stability;Transparent electrode;Flexible electronics;

As increasing thermal efficiency of the gas turbine, the performance improvement of thermal barrier coatings is also becoming important. Ytrria stabilized zirconia(YSZ) is the most popular materials for ceramic top coating because of its low thermal condu

Suspension vacuum plasma spraying;Yttria stabilized zirconia;Microstructure;Thermal conductivity;

The ingot fabrication conditions related with the thermal shock bearing phase and microstructure have investigated for the rare earth zirconate ceramic material, lanthanum gadolinium zirconate, as a thermal barrier coating using electron beam evaporation

Thermal barrier coatings(TBCs);Lanthanum gadolinium zirconate;Thermal shock resistance;Electron beam evaporation;Binary structure;

CrN coatings have been used as protective coatings for cutting tools, forming tools, and various tribological machining applications because these coatings have high hardness. Cr-Al-N coatings have been investigated to improve the properties of CrN coatin

Cr-Al-N;Tribology;Hybrid Physical Vapor Deposition;

Soft mold imprinting method that uses nanostructured polymer mold was investigated for anti-reflection film fabrication. The nanostructured soft mold was polyethylene terephthalate(PET) irradiated by oxygen ion beams. The collisional energy transfer betwe

Anti-reflection;Nano structure;Polymer;Ion beam;Soft mold;

Silver nanowire (AgNW) transparent electrode is one of next generations of flexible and transparent electrode. The electrode shows high conductivity and high transparency comparable to ITO. However, the electrode is weak against heat. The wires are separa

Silver nanowire;Nickel oxide;Transparent heater;Flexible electrode;

In this study, we investigated the effect of thermal aging on mechanical characteristics of Inconel 600 nickel-based alloy. The thermal aging was conducted up to 1000 hours at an atmosphere of $650^{circ}C$. The microstructure of thermally aged

Inconel 600;High-temperature;Degradation;Microstructure;Mechanical property;

The aim of the present study is to evaluate electrochemical corrosion characteristics of base metal and weldment of Al-Mg alloy in seawater solution. The specimen was 5mm thick 5083-H321 Al alloy plate which was butt-welded using gas metal arc welding (GM

5083-H321;Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW);Electrochemical Characteristics;Inclusion;Seawater;

In order to improve corrosion resistance for cast stainless steel in seawater, the characteristics of corrosion resistance after plasma ion nitriding was investigated. Plasma ion nitriding process was conducted in a mixture of nitrogen of 25% and hydrogen

Corrosion resistance;Cast stainless steel;Seawater;Plasma ion nitriding;

In this study, a transient liquid phase sintering (TLPS) process of Ag pastes mixed with a fusible metal alloy of Bi58Sn42 with the melting temperature of $138^{circ}C$, was examined. After screen printing of the Ag pastes with and without Bi58

Metal mesh;Electrode;Heat treatment;Alloy;

We report the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on Invar-42 plates using coal tar pitch (CTP) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The solid phase CTP is used as an inexpensive carbon source since it produces a bunch of hydrocarbon gases such as

Coal tar pitch;Invar-42;Chemical vapor deposition;Carbon nanotube;Carbon nanoball;

In this study, we developed the h-BN interphase for ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) through a wet chemical coating method, which has excellent price competitiveness and is a simple process as a departure from the existing high cost chemical vapor deposit

H-BN;Interphase;Composite;Wet coating;PIP;

Enormous amount of waste oyster-shell (OS) has a major disposal problem in coastal regions. OSs have attracted much attention for recycling, because these are mainly composed of calcium carbonate with rare impurities. In this study, we demonstrate the cal

Calcareous deposit films;Cathodic protection;Oyster shell;Corrosion resistance;

This review deals with one of the surface modification techniques, chemical conversion coating and particularly cerium-based conversion coatings (CeCC) as a promising substitute for chromium and phosphate conversion coating on magnesium and its alloys. Th

Cerium conversion coating;Corrosion performance;E-paint;Magnesium alloy;

Biomass is a renewable and sustainable source of energy used to create electricity or pressurized steam. In biomass-fueled power plants, wood waste or other waste is burned to produce steam that runs a turbine to make electricity, or that provides heat to

Biomass;Corrosion;Active oxidation;Chloride;

Femtosecond laser ablation of ultrathin polymer films on quartz glass using laser pulses of 100 fs and centered at ${lambda}=400nm$ wavelength has been investigated for nanometer precision thin film patterning. Single-shot ablation craters on f

Femtosecond laser ablation;Patterned chemical surface;Polymer;Poly(ethylene glycol);Thin film;

In this paper, the characteristics of a cavitation-erosion damage behavior on the STS 304 and hot-dip aluminized STS 304 under cavitation environment in sea water solution was investigated. The electrochemical experiments were carried out by potential mea

Cavitation;Hot-dip aluminized;Stainless steel;Sea water;Corrosion current density;

In this study, Al and Zn arc thermal spray coatings were carried out onto the substrate of SS400 steel to improve corrosion resistance and durability of hull structural steel for ship in marine environment. Therefore cavitation-erosion test was conducted

Hull structural steel;Arc thermal spray coating;Cavitation;Aluminum;Marine environment;

Recently, $Bi_2Te_3$-based alloys are the best thermoelectric materials near to room temperature, so it has been researched to achieve increased figure of merit(ZT). Ternary compounds such as Bi-Te-Se and Bi-Sb-Te have higher thermoelectric pro

Electrodeposition;$Bi_2(Te-Se)_3$;modified Pulse electrodeposition;Cu;Doping;n-type thin film;

The structure of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings was investigated as a function of NaOH concentration in 0.06 M $Na_2SiO_3$ + 0.06 M $Na_3PO_4$ solution by using SEM and epoxy replica method. The PEO film was

Mg alloy;Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Pore;Coating;

Screen printing of commercially available Ag paste is the most widely used method for the front side metallization of Si solar cells. However, the metallization using Ag paste is expensive and needs high temperature annealing for reliable contact. Among m

Silicon solar cells;Electroless plating;Ni-W-P;Specific contact resistance;

A chromium-free Ce-based conversion coating formed by immersion in a solution containing cerium chloride and nitric acid on AZ31 magnesium alloy has been studied. The effects of acid pickling on the morphology and the corrosion resistance of the cerium co

AZ31;Magnesium alloy;Conversion coating;Chromium- free;Acid pickling;

In order to investigate the effect of NiO on the ethanol gas sensing performance of ${alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ nanoparticles, NiO and ${alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ nanoparticles are synthesized by hydrothermal method. The sensor with ${alpha}-Fe_2O_

${alpha}-Fe_2O_3$;NiO;Nanoparticles;Ethanol;Gas sensor;

$In_2O_3$ nanowires were coated with $Co_3O_4$ nanoparticles to investigate the improvement of ethanol gas sensing performance compared with as-synthesized $In_2O_3$ nanowires. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the

$In_2O_3$ nanowires;$Co_3O_4$ nanoparticles;Ethanol;Gas sensor;

$Eu^{3+}$-doped $MgMoO_4$ phosphor thin films were deposited on quartz substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering with changing various growth temperatures. The effects of growth temperature on the structure, transmittance, o

Thin Film;Phosphor;Sputtering;$MgMoO_4$;

The development of high performance transparent electrode with flexibility have been required for flexible electronics. Here, we demonstrate the silver nanowire and reduced graphene oxide hybrid transparent electrode for replacing brittle indium-tin-oxide

Silver nanowire;Transparent electrode;Plasma reduction;Graphene oxide;

The plasma has been used in various industrial fields of semiconductors, displays, transparent electrode and so on. Plasma diagnostics is critical to the uniform process and the product. We use the electron temperature of the various plasma parameters for

DC-magnetron sputtering;Inductively Coupled Plasma;Double Langmuir Probe;Line ratio method;Electron temperature;

The dry etching characteristics of SnO thin films were investigated using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) in Ar, $CF_4$, $Cl_2$ chemistries. the SnO thin films were deposited by reactive rf magnetron sputtering with Sn metal target.

SnO thin Film;Inductively Coupled Plasma;Etching;

Graphite`s thermal stability facilitates its widespread use as crucibles and molds in high temperatures processes. However, carbon atoms can be rather easily detached from pores and outer surfaces of the graphite due to the weak molecular force of the c a

Silicon vapor;Diffusion coefficient;Infiltration;Silicon carbide;

A method to quantitatively analyze the defects formed by the hydrogen evolution during electroplating was suggested based on the theoretical approach of the small angle neutron scattering technique. In case of trivalent chrome layers, an isolated defect s

Electroplating;Trivalent chrome;Small angle neutron scattering;Defects;Non-destructive analysis method;

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is a promising coating process to produce ceramic oxide on valve metals such as Al, Mg and Ti. The PEO coating is carried out with a dilute alkaline electrolyte solution using a similar technique to conventional anodizi

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO);Ceramic;Al alloy;Electrolyte concentration;

Anodizing is a technology to generate thicker and high-quality films than natural oxide films by treating metals via electrochemical methods. Electrochemical manufacturing method of nano structure is an efficient technology in terms of cost reduction, hig

Anodizing;Oxide films;Nano structure;Current density;

The anodization of ADC12 aluminum alloy was investigated in the metal anionic acid media. Anodic oxide films containing foreign elements were formed on ADC12 Al alloy by anodization in the anion complex solution. Furthermore, the rough surface and cracks

Anion complex;ADC12;Aluminum alloy;Anodization;

In this study, we prepared magnesium ion containing oxide films formed on the Ti-6Al-4V using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treatment. Ti-6Al-4V surface was treated using PEO in Mg containing electrolytes at 270V for 5 min. The phase, composition an

Biocompatibility;Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Magnesium;Bone like apatite;

In this study, electrophoretic paint (E-paint) was deposited on the knife-abraded surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy (AZ31), and its adhesion and corrosion resistance were examined by tape peel-test and salt spray test, respectively. E-paint started to depos

Magnesium alloy;Electrophoretic paint;Adhesion;Corrosion resistance;

The T91 steel (Fe-9%Cr-1%Mo) was corroded at 600 and $700^{circ}C$ for 5 - 70 h in the $N_2$/(0.5, 2.5)%$H_2$Smixed gas at one atm. It was corroded fast, forming the outer FeS layer and the inner (FeS, $FeCr_2O_4$

T91 steel;Corrosion;Sulfidation;Oxidation;$H_2S$ gas;

We investigated the effect of capacitively coupled Ar plasma treatment on contact resistance ($R_c$) and channel sheet resistance ($R_{sh}$) of graphene field effect transistors (FETs), by varying their channel length in the wide ran

Graphene;Plasma;Contact resistance;Sheet resistance;Field effect transistor;

The hydrogen has been recognized as a clean, nonpolluting and unlimited energy source that can solve fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution problems at the same time. Water electrolysis has been the most attractive technology in a way to produc

Hydrogen;Water electrolysis;Anion exchange membrane (AEM);

Cathodic protection is widely recognized as the most cost effective and technically appropriate corrosion prevention methodology for the port, offshore structures, ships. When applying the cathodic protection method to metal facilities in seawater, on the

Cathodic current process;Calcareous deposit films;Current density;Sacrificial anode;

In this paper, various electrochemical experiments were conducted in seawater solution to evaluate corrosion damage behavior of arc thermal sprayed Inconel 625 coating on SS400 steel in marine environment. As a result, corrosion damages of thermal sprayed

Inconel 625;Arc thermal spraying;Seawater;Electrochemical characteristics;

In this study, we have fabricated light guide plates (LGPs) in thin film form for edge type back light unit (BLU) by using UV imprint lithography. In the LGPs, the pattern of functional resins on PC and PMMA substrates were successfully transferred from o

Light guide plates;Functional resin;BLU;Hot embossing;Imprint lithography;

In this study, we fabricated the transparent photovoltaic device using 2-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides and investigated the transparency and photovoltaic characteristics. P-n heterojunction was formed by mechanical exfoliation and aligned t

Photovoltaic;Transparent;Transition-metal dichalcogenide;Aligned transfer;

Among the lithium metal oxides for hybrid-capacity, $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}(LTO)$ is an emerging electrode material as zero-stain material in volume change during the with the charging and discharging processes. However, LTO has a limitation of low ion

LTO/CNT composite material;Hybrid-capacitor;

We studied white tandem organic light-emitting diodes using blue and red phosphorescent materials. Optimized white single phosphorescent OLED was fabricated using CBP : FIrpic (12 vol.%, 9 nm) / CBP : $Ir(mphmq)_2acac$ : $Ir(ppy)_3$

OLED;Tandem;Phosphorescent;White;Color stability;

This study was intended to investigate the effect of the amount of magnesium addition and heat treatment in the Al-Mg coating film in order to improve corrosion resistance of aluminum coating. Al-Mg alloy films were deposited on cold rolled steel by physi

Al-Mg coating;Physical vapor deposition;Corrosion resistance;Heat treatment;

Boride coating applied on steam turbine parts of power plants has provided good particle erosion resistance under temperature of $550^{circ}C$, but it isn`t able to protect the parts effectively any more in ultra super critical (USC) steam turb

Ultra super critical steam turbine;Boride coating;Multi-component boride coating;

Thermal radiation pastes were prepared by dispersing carbon materials as fillers with a content of 1 weight percent in an acrylic resin. The kind of fillers was as follows; $25{mu}m$ graphite, $45{mu}m$ graphite, $15{mu}m$

Thermal radiation;Filler;Emissivity;Thermal resistance;Junction temperature;

The present work was conducted to investigate the effects of NaF concentration in phosphate and silicate-containing alkaline electrolyte on the morphology, thickness, surface roughness and hardness of anodic oxide films formed on AZ31 Mg alloy by plasma e

Plasma electrolytic oxidation;Anodic oxide film;Magnesium alloy;

This article reports a new chemical bath for preparing a mirror-like surface of AZ31 Mg alloy. In order to find an appropriate chemical polishing solution, four different acidic solutions of sulphuric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and a specially designe

Chemical polishing;Surface Finishing;Acid etching;A31 Mg alloy;Surface roughness;

Copper electrodeposition on AZ91 Mg alloy was studied in views of preferential deposition on ${alpha}$- or ${eta}$- phases and how to achieve uniform deposition over the entire surface on ${alpha}$- and ${eta}$

Mg alloy;Copper electrodeposition;Zincate layer;

Galvanizing method has been extensively used to the numerous constructional steels such as a guard rail of high way, various types of structural steel for ship building and various types of steels for the industrial fields etc.. However, the galvanized st

Galvanizing;Galvalume;Chromate treatment;Corrosion resistance;Corrosion current density;Impedance;

In order to form an aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) transparent electrode film on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate used for a flexible display substrate, the AZO transparent electrode was produced at low temperature without substrate heating.

AZO;Transparent electrode film;Metallic glass;Flexible substrate;Adhesion layer;Insertion layer;

In this study, fractured surface morphology and mechanical properties of Ni-Cr-Mo alloys with various contents of Mo for dental material use have been evaluated by mechanical test. The alloys used were Ni-13Cr-xMo alloys with Mo contents of 4, 6, 8, and 1

Ni-Cr-Mo alloy;Molybdenum;Mechanical properties;Dental materials;

The effects of surface modification by nitric acid on the pre-treatment of electroless copper plating were investigated. Copper was electroless-plated on the nitric acid treated graphite activated by a two-step pre-treatment process (sensitization + activ

Acid treatment;Functional group;Electroless plating;Palladium;Carbon;

Stainless steel is widely used in various industries due to its excellent anti-corrosion characteristics. However, if the stainless steel is exposed to high speed fluid flow and chloride ion in the marine environment, corrosion and cavitation damage occur

Stainless steel;Nb contents;Cavitation;Corrosion;Marine environment;

In this study, we investigated the influences of potassium fluoride(KF) addition on the surface characteristics of plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO) coating produced on Al alloy. The PEO of marine grade Al alloy(5083 grade) was conducted in KOH 1g/L solu

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO);Al alloy;Potassium fluoride (KF);Surface morphology;

Pd-Ag alloy membranes have attracted a great deal of attention for their use in hydrogen purification and separation due to their high theoretical permeability, infinite selectivity and chemical compatibility with hydro-carbon containing gas streams. For

Pd-Ag alloy hydrogen membrane;Perm-selectivity;Porous stainless steel support;Sputter multi-deposition;Surface treatment;

The effects of nanotexturing and post-etching on the reflection and quantum efficiency properties of diamond wire sawn (DWS) multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar cell have been investigated. The chemical solutions, which are acidic etching solution (HF-

Diamond wire sawn multicrystalline silicon;Solar cell;Nanotexturing;Post-etching;

The properties of AlTiN films by a cathodic arc deposition process have been studied. Oblique angle deposition has been applied to deposit AlTiN films. AlTiN films have been deposited on stainless steel (SUS304) and cemented carbide (WC) at a substrate te

AlTiN films;Cathodic arc deposition;Oblique angle deposition;Physical vapor deposition;Macroparticle;

To study emission characteristics for dual-emission tandem organic light emitting display (OLED), we fabricated blue fluorescent OLED according to thickness variation of $MoO_x$ as charge generation layer and Al as cathode. The bottom emission

Organic light emitting display;Dual emission;Tandem;Charge generation layer;Cathode;

The flexible transparent conducting films (TCFs) are required to realize flexible optoelectronic devices. 1D nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), metal nanowires are good candidates to replace indium tin oxide that is currently used to fabricate

Transparent conducting films;Carbon nanotubes;Silver nanowires;

In this work, anodic oxidation behavior of AZ31 Mg alloy was studied as a function of $Na_2CO_3$ concentration in electrolyte by voltage-time curves and observation of surface appearances and morphologies after the anodic treatments, using opti

Anodic oxidation;AZ31 Mg alloy;Sodium carbonate;Oxide film;

ASTM T23 steel with a composition of Fe-2.25%Cr-1.6%W corroded at 600 and $700^{circ}C$ for 5-70 h in $N_2$/(0.5, 2.5)%$H_2S$-mixed gas at 1 atm. It corroded rapidly, forming the outer FeS scale and the inner (FeS, $F

T23 steel;Corrosion;Sulfidation;Oxidation;$H_2S$ gas;

Stainless steel is widely applied in many industrial fields due to its excellent anti-corrosion and durability characteristics. However, stainless steel is very vulnerable to cavitation attack caused by high speed flow of fluid in the chloride environment

Stainless steel;Stabilizer;Ti;Sea water;Cavitation-erosion;

In this study, electrochemical damage behaviors with flow rate were investigated for anodized 5083 aluminum alloy in seawater. As the results of anodic polarization experiments and potentiostatic experiments at +1.0 V (vs. SSCE), the non-flow condition pr

Aluminum alloy;Flow rate;Electrochemical characteristics;Cathodic protection;Anodizing;

In this study, we manufactured the anodized alumina oxide (AAO) template and fabricated the carbon nanofibers and manganese oxide nanofibers using AAO template for application to electrochemical capacitor. Pore diameters of the AAO template were increased

AAO template;Carbon nanofibers;Manganese oxide nanofibers;Electrochemical capacitor;

For the industrial application of electropolishing process, we investigated electropolishing characteristics of stainless steel through increasing the specimen size or electrode gap. In this study, we performed a set of experiment with the specimen size o

Current density;Electrode gap;Electrolyte temperature;Electropolishing;Industrial application;Polishing time;

MoN-Cu thin films were prepared to achieve appropriate properties of high hardness and low friction coefficient, which could be applied to automobile engine parts for reducing energy consumption as well as solving wear problems. Composite thin films of Mo

MoN-Cu thin films;Single alloying target;Magnetron sputtering;MA;SPS;

The effects of ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) power, ranging from 0 to 200 W, on the crystal structure, microstructure, surface roughness and mechanical properties of magnetron sputtered VN coatings were systematically investigated with FE-SEM, AFM, XRD

Inductively Coupled Plasma;VN coatings;Nanocrystalline;Grain size;Crystal structure;

NiO nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method for the application to ethanol gas sensor. They were composited with $Co_3O_4$ nanoparticles to improve the sensitivity to ethanol gas. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the syn

NiO;$Co_3O_4$ nanoparticles;Ethanol;Gas sensor;

The operation method of nuclear power plants is currently changing to high burn-up and long period that can enhance economics and efficiency of the plant. Since nuclear plant operation environment has been becoming severe, the amount of absorbed hydrogen

Oxidation;Breakaway;Hydrogen effect;High temperature;Hydride;

This article reports improved corrosion resistance and adhesion of electro-paint (E-paint) with fluoride conversion coating (FCC) on AZ31 Mg alloy for the first time. These improvements were observed in comparison to chemically polished samples with no ch

Fluoride conversion coating;AZ31 Mg alloy;Corrosion resistance;Adhesion of E-paint;Salt spray test;

In this work, effect of zincate treatment of AZ91 Mg alloy on the following electrodeposition of copper was examined in a non-cyanide bath containing pyrophosphate ions in view of surface morphology and adhesion of the electrodeposited copper layer. Witho

Mg alloy;Copper plating;Electroplating;AZ91 Mg alloy;Pyrophosphate;Zincate treatment;

The offshore structures exposed to harsh corrosive such as the marine environment is essential for the quality management technique throughout the life cycle of initial design, construction and operation. Also, it should satisfy the design life and ensure

Offshore structure;Corrosion protection;Coating breakdown factor;Cathodic protection design;CP performance analysis;

We have investigated the effects of applied potential, deposition time and electrolyte types on shapes and physical properties of Cu dendrites by potentiostatic electrodeposition. Finer shape of dendrites was observed at less cathodic potential by 100mV t

Copper;Dendrite;Electrodeposition;BET Surface area;Bath type;

In this study, we investigated the corrosion damage characteristics of steel for offshore wind turbine tower substructure using an accelerated electrochemical test. The galvanostatic corrosion test method was employed with a conventional 3 electrode cell

Offshore wind turbine tower;Galvanostatic;Corrosion;Current density;Weight loss;Accelerated corrosion test;

This research investigated the relationship between the corrosion damage characteristics of offshore wind steel substructure and the time of current density application by electrochemical accelerated short-term corrosion test. The galvanostatic corrosion

Offshore wind substructure;Galvanostatic;Corrosion;Time of current application;

In 2015, a fin tube (Cu-Ni 70/30 alloy) of package type heat exchanger for navy vessel was perforated through the wall which led to refrigerant leakage. This failure occurred after only one year since its installation. In this study, cause of the failure

Heat exchanger;Fin tube;Cu-Ni alloy;Erosion corrosion;Crevice corrosion;Sea water;

In this study, we intended to extend the life of electropolishing solution through the reduction of electric resistance by improving the electrolysis efficiency. The optimum conditions were obtained by half round bus bar and Taguchi method. As the main co

Electropolishing;Half round bus bar;Life extension;SN ratio;Taguchi;

Double-layered Al-Mg films have been deposited by using an e-beam deposition method on a cold-rolled steel sheet(CR), which the structure of the film was Al/Mg/CR. The micro-structure, alloy phase, and corrosion resistance of the Al-Mg coated CR were inve

Al-Mg;Physical vapor deposition;E-beam evaporation;Corrosion resistance;Steel sheet;Heat treatment;

Nanocrystalline vanadium nitride (VN) coatings were deposited using asymmetric bipolar pulsed dc sputtering to further understand the influence of the pulsed plasmas on the crystal structure, microstructure and mechanical properties. Properties of VN coat

Pulsed Sputtering;VN;Asymmetric Bipolar;Duty cycle;Pulse frequency;

In order to investigate the Na gettering, PSG/$SiO_2$/Al-1%Si multilevel thin films were fabricated. DC magnetron sputter techniques and APCVD (atmosphere pressure chemical vapor deposition) were utilized for the deposition of Al-1%Si thin film

Na;Segregation gettering;PSG;SIMS;XPS;

The nano-array of the vertically aligned rod-like particles grown on ZnO coated glass-substrates was obtained via hydrothermal process. ZnO thin film coatings were prepared on the glass substrates using a MOD (metallorganic deposition) dip-coating method

ZnO;MOD;Hydrothermal synthesis;Nanostructure;Crystallite morphology;

As expensive and valuable metals being used in electronic and semiconducting industries are abandoned as industrial wastes after use of them, it is required to recover them from e-wasted electronics parts. Gold which is used for printed circuit boards or

Valuable metals;Recovery;Indium;Gallium;Zirconium;

In the present work, we investigate the anodization of Nb in a $K_2HPO_4$ containing glycerol electrolyte at elevated temperatures ($180^{circ}C$). Under optimized conditions, uniformly over the entire anodized surface, self-organize

$Nb_2O_5$;Self-organization;Porous Structure;Anodization;

In this study, 3-dimensional ripple structured anion (chlorine) doped ZnO thin film are developed, and used as electron transporting layer (ETL) in inverted organic photovoltaics (I-OPVs). Optical and electrical characteristics of ZnO:Cl ETL are investiga

Chlorine;ZnO ripple;Organic photovoltaics;Electron transporting layer;Doping;Sol-gel;

Electrochemical measurement using a LSCF6428 electrode was performed to estimate the oxygen potential gradient in the electrode layer and a long time stability test was performed by applied potential to learn the overpotential effect on the LSCF6428 elect

LSCF;AC impedance;Electrochemical stability;

Expensive silver powder is used to form electrodes in most IT equipment, and recently, many attempts have been made to lower manufacturing costs by developing powders with Ag-Ni or Ag-Cu core-shell structures. This study examined the sintering behavior of

Core-shell;Silver;Nickel;Electrode;Sintering;

Many surface protection methods have been developed to apply to constructional steels which have been used under severe corrosive environments. One of these methods, hot dip galvanizing is being widely used to the numerous constructional steels such as a

Hot dip galvanizing;Flux solution;Additives;Water washing treatment;Neutralization reaction;Corrosion resistance;

In this study, titanium nanotubes, prepared by anodization method, showing high surface and strong chemical stability in acidic and basic media, have been employed for the application to the electrodes for water splitting in KOH solution. Due to its high

Anodization;Doping;Molybdenum;HER;$TiO_2$ nanotube;

There is a close relationship between the performance and the heat generation of the electronic device. Heat generation causes a significant degradation of the durability and/or efficiency of the device. It is necessary to have an effective method to rele

$Si_3N_4$;Electrochemical process;3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane;Silane;Electroless deposition;Resistivity;Adhesion strength;

The non-noble 1D nanofibers(NFs) prepared by electrospinning and calcination method were used as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst for water electrolysis. The electrospinning process and rate of solution composition was optimized to prepare

Electrolysis;Electrocatalyst;Oxygen evolution reaction;Electrospinning;Nanofiber;

Low melting metals are difficult to weld because it is vaporized. But epoxy resin make bonding possible using low melting material and dismissal materials. This study is to improve the bonding strength of epoxy and substrate by mechanical and electrochemi

Adhesive bonding;Adhesive strength;Aluminum;Epoxy resin;Surface treatment;

A biodegradable nanofiber scaffolds using electrospining provide fibrous guidance cues for controlling cell fate that mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM). It can create a pattern using conventional electrospining method, but has a difficulty to ge

Femtosecond laser;Nanofiber;Micropatterning;Myoblast;

In this study, porcelain bonding strength and mechanical properties of sintered Ni-Cr-Ti alloy for dental prosthodontics have been researched experimentally. Mechanical and morphological characteristics of the alloys were examined by Vickers hardness test

Dental prosthodontics;Porcelain bonding strength;Second phase;Sintered and melted Ni-13Cr-xTi;

We have analyzed chemical properties of polysiloxane and polysilazane films, respectively, as sealing materials for electrostatic chuck (ESC) and have investigated the possibility of polysilazane as an alternative sealant to polysiloxane. It has been reve

Electrostatic chuck;Polysiloxane;Polysilazane;Sealing material;

The metal mesh films with thickness of 1.0, 1.5, $2.0{mu}m$ were prepared by photolithography using Ag, Al, and Cu metals. Every metal films were showed C(111) preferred orientation and Ag showed the lowest resistivity and followed by Al and Cu

Metal mesh;Photolithography;Adhesion;Touch screen panel;

Cr-Si-Al-N coating with different Si content were deposited by hybrid physical vapor deposition (PVD) method consisting of unbalanced magnetron (UBM) sputtering and arc ion plating (AIP). The deposition temperature was $300^{circ}C$, and the ga

Cr-Si-Al-N;Hard Coating;Hybrid Physical Vapor Deposition;Arc ion plating;Unbalanced magnetron sputtering;

Various surface treatments and thin film coating processes on the surface of injection die steel have been developed to extend the life. Most of previous studies were mainly focused on investigating the wear and static bonding behavior of thin films. In t

DLC coating;Nitriding;High cycle fatigue resistance;Fractographic study;

Rare-earth zirconates, including lanthanum zirconate and gadolinium zirconate, have been investigated as ones of the most promising candidates for next-generation thermal barrier coating (TBC) materials due to their excellent properties such as low therma

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs);Rare-earth zirconate;Suspension plasma spray;Phase formation;Thermal conductivity;

In order to comply with demand for high efficient gas turbines operating at higher temperatures, considerable amounts of research efforts have been performed with searching for the next-generation thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with respect to coating ma

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs);Lanthanum/gadolinium zirconate;Suspension plasma spray;Phase formation;Thermal property;

Amino-carboxyl acid as a complexing agent in acid copper sulfate solution was utilized to improve the adhesion of immersion copper layer for steel wire. According to the tape test results, regardless of alloy composition of the wire, the adhesion of immer

Immersion copper;Complexing agent;Welding wire;Amino-carboxyl acid;Adhesion improvement;

Recently, oxide TFTs has attracted a lot of interests due to their outstanding properties such as excellent environmental stability, high mobility, wide-band gap energy and high transparency, and investigated through the method using vacuum system and wet

Plasma;Oxide TFT;IGZO;

Pd alloy hydrogen membranes for hydrogen purification and separation need thermal stability at high temperature for commercial applications. Intermetallic diffusion between the Pd alloy film and the porous metal support gives rise to serious problems in l

Pd alloy hydrogen membrane;Porous metal support;Sputtering;Long-term stability;Diffusion barrier;

What causes the transformation of a solar cell is the behavior difference of thermal expansion occurred between the substrate and the layer of semiconductor used in the solar cell. Therefore, the substrate has to possess a behavior of thermal expansion th

CIGS Solar Cell;Fe-Ni alloy;Thermal Behavior;Flexible Solar Cell;

Advanced high strength steels undergo recrystallization annealing in reducing gas atmosphere before galvanizing to improve mechanical properties. The selective oxidations of elements such as Mn, Si, Cr and Al during annealing decrease wettability of liqui

Annealing;Manganese oxide;Galvanizing;

High efficiency LED device is being concerned due to its high heat loss, and such heat loss will cause a shorter lifespan and lower efficiency. Since there is a demand for the materials that can release heat quickly into the external air, the organic insu

heat dissipation layer;anodizing aluminum oxide;LED insulation layer;ceramic insulation layer;LED PCB;thermal conductivity;

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is essential for the fabrication of nanoscale electronic devices because it has excellent conformality, atomic scale thickness control, and large area uniformity. Metal thin films are one of the important material components

$TiO_2$;Pt;Atomic Layer Deposition;$O_3$;Nucleation;

This study reports a fabrication of $TiO_2$ on the surface of dental implants by pulsed d.c. magnetron sputtering from a Ti target. A systematic investigation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of $TiO_2$ films was carri

Titanium dioxide;D.C Pulsed Magnetron Sputtering;Oxygen partial pressure;Deposition Temperature;XRD;Contact angle;FE-SEM;

$Al_2O_3$ thin films were deposited on the moth eye anti-reflective nanostructured polycarbonate films by atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques. Without ALD-$Al_2O_3$ thin films, moth eye anti-reflective nanostructured films had a

Moth eye structure;Atomic layer deposition;$Al_2O_3$ thin films;Mechanical properties;

In this study, the wear performance of manganese phosphate coating on SM45C with addition agent of Tartaric acid and Citric acid were investigated. The Surface morphology of manganese phosphate coating was examined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) an

SM45C;Conversion coating;Addition agent;Tribology;

Nickel is a commercially important and versatile element in electroplating. The applications of nickel electroplating fall into three main categories: decorative, functional and electroforming. In decorative applications, electroplated nickel is most ofte

Ni;electrodeposits;effect of electrolysis condition;mechanical property;

The corrosion behavior of metals and alloys for the safety of offshore structures in seawater was investigated for the application of sacrificial anodes. The experiments were focused on the polarization behaviors and the surface morphology of each metal a

Sacrificial anode;Corrosion;Galvanic corrosion potential;Al alloy;

Chloride plating solution was fabricated by dissolving metal Ni powders in solution with HCl and deionized water. Effects of deposition conditions on the properties of Ni films electrodeposited from chloride baths were studied. Current efficiency of Ni fi

$^{63}Ni$ sealed source;Electrodeposition;Current density;Current efficiency;solution pH;

$Dy^{3+}$- and $Eu^{3+}$-codoped $CaMoO_4$ Phosphors were synthesized by using the solid-state reaction method. The crystal structure, morphology, and optical properties of the resulting phosphor particles were investigate

Phosphor;Photoluminescence;Solid-state reaction;

Carbon thin films were deposited on STS 316L sheets by inductively coupled plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering with or without substrate bias voltage. Typical Raman spectrum for amorphous diamond-like carbon (DLC) was obtained, and the interfacial contac

Carbon film;Sputtering;Bipolar plate;PEMFC;EIS;Corrosion;Porosity;ICR;

This test focuses on the correlations between joining axial force at non-room temperature and at room temperature according to the surface treatment (Geomet, Dacro, Green Kote, Armore Galv.). The quality characteristics of the fastening axial force requir

High tension bolt;Joining;Axile Force;Surface Treatment;

The nickel alloys gets a great deal of attention due to their good mechanical, chemical and magnetic properties. Especially Ni-P alloy systems are very attractive due to their good corrosion resistance and the wear resistance in important technological ap

Ni-P alloy;electrodeposits;mechanical properties;

We studied emission characteristics of blue fluorescent multi-tandem OLEDs using $Al/MoO_x$ as charge generation layer(CGL). Threshold voltage for 2, 3, 4, and 5 units tandem OLEDs was 8, 11, 14 and 18 V, respectively. The threshold voltage in

OLED;Tandem;CGL(Charge Generation Layer);Fluorescence;Efficiency;

The effect of hot-dip aluminizing on the corrosion of the low carbon steel was studied at $650-850^{circ}C$ for 20-50 h in $N_2/0.5%;H_2S$ gas. The aluminized steel consisted primarily of the Al topcoat and the underlying Al-Fe alloy

Hot Dipping;Aluminizing;Sulfidation;Oxidation;$H_2S$ Corrosion;

We studied white tandem organic light-emitting diodes using red and blue fluorescent materials. White 2 units tandem OLEDs were fabricated using $Alq_3$:Rubrene (3 vol.% 5 nm) and SH-1 : BD-2 (3 vol.% 25 nm) as emitting layer (EML). The device

OLED;Tandem;White;Color stability;

We studied the blue fluorescent OLED with Mg:Ag, Al, Ni as anode materials. Blue fluorescent OLEDs were fabricated using Anode / $MoO_3$ (3 nm) / 2-TNATA (60 nm) / NPB (30 nm) / SH-1 : BD-2 (5 vol.%, 30 nm) / Bphen (40 nm) / Liq (1 nm) / Al (15

Emission Characteristic;Blue Fluorescent;OLED;Anode Materials;

A high-pressure depletion method using plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is often used to deposit hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (${mu}c-Si:H$) films of a low defect density at a high deposition rate. To understand proper deposition

Microrystalline silicon;Temperature dependence;Chemical vapor deposition;

We investigated the surface morphology and the change of Ag concentration for SnAg electrodeposits according to the current density using labmade and commercial plating solutions. The concentration of Ag in the SnAg electrodeposits decreased with increasi

SnAg;Electroplating;Current density;EBSD;Microstructure;

The paper presents the comparative results of NbN coatings deposited by DC and pulsed DC asymmetric bipolar magnetron sputtering systems. The results show that, with the decreasing duty cycle and increasing pulse frequency, the coating morphology changes

Pulsed DC Sputtering;NbN;Asymmetric Bipolar;Duty cycle;Pulse frequency;

The effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the pitting corrosion resistance of hard anodized Al5052 alloy was investigated. The degree of internal stress generated in anodic oxide films during hard anodization was also evaluated with a strain

ECAP;Pitting Corrosion;Hard Anodization;Internal Stress;Al5052;Crack;Annealing;

We investigated the effects of the fabric structure or the kinds of plated metals on the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) by means of electroless plating on polyester fabric. We found that the weight of deposited metal, EMI SE

Conductive Fabric;Electroless Plating;EMI Shielding Effectiveness;

To substitute indium tin oxide (ITO), many substituents have been studied such as metal nanowires, carbon based materials, 2D materials, and conducting polymers. These materials are not good enough to apply to an electrode because theses exhibit relativel

Metal embedded substrate;Sintering;Ag grid;Conductivity;Transfer;

Graphene has attracted much attention due to its remarkable physical properties and potential applications in many fields. In special, the electronic properties of graphene are influenced by the number of layer, stacking sequence, edge state, and doping o

Graphene;Nitrogen doping;Ammonia plasma;Surface treatment;Raman scattering spectroscopy;

$CuInSe_2$ thin films which have been widely used for thin solar cells as a light absorber were prepared by hydrazine solution processing, and their microstructural properties were investigated. Hydrazine $CuInSe_2$ precursor solutio

Solar cells;$CuInSe_2$;Hydrazine;Grain growth;Solution process;

We studied emission characteristics for blue fluorescent dual-side emission OLED with Al cathode thickness variation. In the bottom emission OLED of Al cathode with 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 150 nm thickness, maximum luminance showed 36.1, 8,130, 9,300, 12,

OLED;Dual-side;Cathode;Thickness;Efficiency;

Quadrupole Mass Spectrometers (QMS) is a very useful tool in vacuum process diagnosis. Tungsten filament based ion sources are vulnerable to contamination from process gas monitoring. Common symptoms of quadrupole mass spectrometer malfunction is appearan

QMS;ion source;filament;cleaning;CFD-ACE+;

Anodization of die-casted AZ91D magnesium alloy was carried out using silicate based electrolyte solution instead of fluoride based solution to improve biocompatibility of oxidized layers. The anodic layer obtained from silicate based solution has smaller

magnesium;anodizing;PEO;

A blade-abrading method was newly developed for the preparation of clean Mg alloy surface and reported for the first time in detail in this paper. The blade-abrading method includes abrading of the Mg alloy surface with a sharp blade or knife to remove th

Blade-abrading method;Magnesium alloy;surface pretreatment;roughness;air-formed oxide film;

Recently, fuel cell is a good alternative for energy source. Separator is a important component for fuel cell. In this study, The surface of separator was modified for corrosion resistance and electric conductivity. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was made b

Graphene;Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell;Separator;Nickel Electroless Plating;Nickel Composite Plating;

NbN coatings were prepared by ICP (inductively coupled plasma) assisted magnetron sputtering from a Nb metal target in $Ar+N_2$ atmosphere at various ICP powers. Effect of ICP on the microstructure, crystalline structure and mechanical properti

Inductively Coupled Plasma;NbN coatings;Roughness;Structure;Morphology;

To fabricate white LED having a high color rendering index value, red color phosphor mixed with the green color phosphor together in the blue chip, namely the blue chips with RG phosphors packaging is most favorable for high power white LEDs. In our previ

Oxonitridosilicate phosphor;White LED;$Ba_3Si_6O_{12}N_2:Eu^{2+}$;Photoluminescence;

The goal of this study is to investigate a metal cladding that contains SiC composites as a protective layer and analysis the characteristics of the specimens on high temperature oxidation To make SiC composites, the current process needs a high temperatu

Zry-4;cladding;coating;SiC coating;

Corrosion characteristic of the duplex Al-Mg-Si alloys with low, commercial and high solute contents were studied using an anodic polarization test in 1M NaCl solution at room temperature. Polarization range condition of the experiment were form .0.3V to

corrosion analysis;Al-Mg-Sl alloy;anodic polarization;polarization resistance;$Mg_2Si$;Si;

In order to investigate the potassium (K) gettering, Al-1%Si/$SiO_2$/PSG multilevel thin films were fabricated. Al-1%Si thin films and $SiO_2$/PSG passivations were deposited by using DC magnetron sputter techniques and APCVD (atmosp

potassium;gettering;SIMS depth profiling;segregation;

$TiO_2$ nanowires were synthesized by hydrothermal method for the application to ethanol gas sensor. $TiO_2$ nanowires were decorated with Au nanoparticles to improve the sensitivity to ethanol gas. Scanning electron microscopy and T

$TiO_2$;Nanowires;Gas sensor;Ethanol;Au nanoparticles;

In recent years, the cleaning and activation technology of surfaces using atmospheric plasma as well as the deposition technology for coating using atmospheric plasma have been demonstrated conclusively and drawn increasing industrial attention. Especiall

atmospheric plasma;deposition;precursor;SiOx;SiNx;

The test equipment becomes more important with the development of semiconductor industry. MEMS probe is an important testing component to detect the defects from the generated electric signal when it contacts the metal pad of semiconductor devices. Ni-Pd

Nickel-Palladium Alloy;Electroplating;Hardness;X-ray diffraction;Lattice parameter;Heat treatment;Sheet resistance;

The thermal barrier coating (TBC) for inner wall of liquid-fuel rocket combustor consists of NiCrAlY as bonding layer and $ZrO_2$ as a top layer. In most case, the plasma spray coating is used for TBC process and this process has inherent possi

Inner Wall of Liquid-fuel Rocket Combustor;Thermal Barrier Coating;Electrodeposition;Ni-P/Cr;Annealing;Band Layer;