The Korean Society of Surface Science and Engineering

Electrochromic materials, which exhibit reversible color changes through electrochemical reactions, have attracted significant attention for applications in smart windows and displays due to their energy-efficient properties. Among various electrochromic materials, vanadium oxides are promising due to their high energy density, excellent stability, and diverse color states. This study demonstrates the fabrication of transparent vanadium oxide thin films via electrodeposition and investigates their electrochromic properties. The films exhibited phase transformation from monoclinic VO₂ to orthorhombic V₂O₅ at 300 ℃, accompanied by morphological evolution from spherical particles to platelet structures. The electrochemical analysis revealed efficient Li⁺ ion diffusion with notable optical modulation and rapid color switching between transparent yellow and purple states. This simple electrodeposition method demonstrates that the transparent V₂O₅ thin films possess stable and reversible electrochromic characteristics suitable for smart window applications.

Keywords Vanadium oxide; Electrodeposition; Annealing; Electrochromism; Smart windows